LAND'SEER. A distinguished family of English painters and engravers. The father of the family, Josh (1769-1852), engraver and au thor, was horn in Lincoln. lle illustrated a number of works, his plates being chiefly land scapes. The most interesting are a few- plates after Turner, the best being probably the "Cas cade at Terne." In 1806 he was made associate engraver of the Royal Academy, and in the same year he delivered a series of lectures on engrav ing before the Royal Institution (published in 18081. Ile endeavored in vain, through memo rials to the Academy and a petition to the House of Commons, to have engraving placed upon the same footing in the Academy as in foreign countries. Disappointed in this, he turned his attention to archaeology. publishing several works. He was a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and engraver to the King. His three sons became famous.—Tnomas LANDSEER (1795.1880), the eldest, was an engraver. He was born in London.and was a pupil of his father and of Benjamin Haydon. He spent most of his life engraving on steel from his brother Edwin's ani mal pictures. His engravings are faithful and sympathetic reproductions, often full-sized copies of the original paintings. Among his other
works is the engraving of Rosa Bonheur's "Horse Fair." The Bibliotbeque Nationale in l'aris con tains an album of his designs and sketches, which indicate high talent. Ile was author of the Life and Letters of William Betvick (1871).—CHARLES LANDSEER (1799-1879) was an historical paint er. lle received his first instructions in art from his father and from Benjamin Haydon, and en tered the school of the Royal Academy in 1816. Four years later he accompanied Lord Stuart de Rothsay on a mission to Brazil, where he made a large number of drawing; and sketches for Dom Pedro I. Ile made his first exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1828; in 1S37 was elected an associate, in 1S45 an academician, and was keeper of the Academy (1851-73). Among his paintings the most important are: "Claris sa Harlowe in the Sponging House," and "Sack ing of Basing House." in the National Gallery, London; "Pillaging of a Jew's House:" "Crom well at Naseby," National Gallery, Berlin: "The Departure of Charles 11. from Bentley;" and "The Eve of the Battle of Edgehill." He died in London. July 22, 1879.