JULIEN, STANISLAS AIGNAN ( 1799-1873). A noted French savant who. though lie never set foot in China, became the foremost Sinologist of his day. lie was horn at Orleans. lie early showed marked ability for the acquisition of languages. In 1821 he became assistant pro fessor of Greek in the Collage de France. but was soon attracted to l'hinese by the lectures of Abel Il(quusat, then professor of Chinese in the same college. In I823 lie brought out a Latin translation of the works of the philosopher Meng tse (Meneius). lie was elected a member of the Aeadllnie des Inscriptions in 1831, and on the death of Pa'onusat in the following year lie suc ceeded him in the chair of Chinese. Besides mas tering Chinese. Julien applied himself to the study of Sanskrit and Manchu. His works num ber over two dozen, consist chiefly of translations from the Chinese, but arc accompanied with notes and elucidations of the greatest value. Be sides several plays and uovels—a department of Chinese literature NV/lid] first engaged his atten tion—he produced ni-Ing-l'icn, l,e fibre des rt'•ompenscs et des pcines, accompanied with 400 legends, anecdotes, and stories illustrative of the doctrines and practices of the Taoists ( l835) ; /Msunoc des principaux traiti's chlnois su• la cul ture des mfiriers, etc. (1837) ; Lao-tseu-Tao-Tc
Ably, the 'Book of the Way and of Virtue' of the Chinese philosopher Lao-tse, who lived in the sixth century me. (1811); llisioire de In vie de Uiwues•Thsang, the Buddhist pilgrim. and of his journeys in India between the'years A.D. 1;29 and 645 (1853) ; et fabrication de !a pwee Mine chinoise, translated from the Chinese by the order of the Minister of Agriculture and Com merce (1856) ; ern ()fres su• les eontri'es aecieb•n talcs, by (1857-59); MOhode pour df'chiffrcr less noms sanscrits qui se rcneon trent thins des liras chinois (1861), a work of great value to students of the immense Buddhist literature of Chinn: and Industries ancionnes et moderncs de remptre chinois (Ititi9). In 1811 he had published a 1, olume containing critical dis cussions of certain rules of position which in Chinese play the same ride as inflexions in other languages. This he later elaborated into his Syn (axe nourelle de la langue chinoise fond(:c sun- la position des mots, which appeared in 1869, an epoch-making work for students of Chinese. This was followed in 1870 by a supplementary volume containing some controverted and miscellaneous matter. Ile died in Paris.'