LINGARD, Jou ( 1771-1851). A Roman Catholic historian of England. Ile was born of humble parentage at Winchester, Febru ary 5. 1771, and, being destined for the priest hood, was sent to the English college of Douay, in France, where he remained until that college, in common with most of the religions establish ments of France, was broken up by the disorders of the Revolution. On his return to England in F793 he became tutor in the family of Lord Stourton, The net called the Catholic ltelief Act baying enabled Catholics to open schools in Eng land. the Douay community was transferred to Crookfiall, and ultimately to Ushaw. near Dur ham. in 1791 Lingard rejoined his vompanions at Crookhall. where after entering the priesthood he continued as professor of philosophy, prefect of studies, and vice-president until 1811, when he accepted the humble cure of Ilornby, near Lancaster, which he continued to fill until his death, July 17, 1851. Lingard's first important work was the Antiquity of the Anglo-Saxon Church (1806. reprinted in 1810, and afterwards in a much enlarged edition of two volumes, 1845). This was but the pioneer of what eventu ally became the labor of his life, his history of England MSS, in eight quarto volumes (London. 1819-30). Before his death it had passed through six editions, frequently revised, the last of which, in ten volumes, appeared in 1854-55. From its first appearance 'it attracted much attention, being founded on a careful study of the original sources. Although written in a conciliatory spirit, it was criticised with considerable asperity in its polemical bearings; lint the anthill- in his replies displayed so much erudition and such careful consideration of the original authorities that the result was to add materially to his reputation as a scholar. He
was the recipient of many honors in recognition of his cervices, among others of a pension of £300 from the Crown. There i a memoir of his life by Canon Tierney prefixed to the 0th edition of the History of England. Consult: Gardiner and Nullinger. Introduction to the Study of English History (London. 1881) ; Husenbetb, Notices of the English Colleges and Convents (Norwich, 1849).
LINGAYtN, len'gli-yrin'. The capital of the Province of PangasinAn, Luzon, Philippines (Map: Luzon, C 2). It is situated at the head of the Gulf of Lingayi'm on a lute and fertile alluvial island in the delta of the Rio Ango. It is built partly of stone and has a handsome church, a post-office and telegraph station. It is an important trade centre, and, through its sta tion, Dag,upffn, six miles to the east, is connected by a railroad with :Manila. It was founded at the end of the sixteenth century by the Augustine Fathers, who in 1611 retired in favor of the Dominicans. Population. in 1898, 18,886.
LINGAYtN, Gansu' on A large hay or gulf of the China Sea indenting the western coast of Northern Luzon, Philippines. it is 325 miles wide at the entrance between Santiago island on the west and Point San Fernando on the it extends inland about 30 miles. it is exposed to squalls and typhoons, the latter especially in September and October. The eastern shore is bordered by high mountains; the southern is low, and consists of the large delta of the Agno River. The largest isla I1(k are Santiago and l'abarruyfin. The principal ports on the gulf are Saint Thomas on the east, and Lingayhn and Port Sual on the south shore.