LOEWY, AlAuRicE l833—). A French astronomer, born in Vienna. Ile studied astron omy in his native city, but was later called to Paris by Leverrier, who offered him a position in the observatory there. In 1872 he became a member of the Bureau des Longitudes, and the next year succeeded Delaunay in the .Aeademy of Sciences. After Leverricr's death he was asso ciated with Admiral Mouchez in the management of the observatory of Montsouris. lie devised the t'qu atorM1 cond(<; and, in addition to editing the Connaissance des temps and the .Innuaire Art Bureau des longitudes, made frequent contribu tions to the of the academies in Paris and Vienna. In 1878 he was appointed sub directo• of the Paris observatory, Pits, LUDWIG (1845—). A German painter, born at Darmstadt. He was a pupil of Kreling and Raupp at Nuremberg, then of Diez at the Academy in 1\ hinieb, where he became pro fessor in 1879, and of which he was director in 1891-99. Ilis works are not numerous, but are
of great perfection. A lofty atmosphere pervades his interiors, treated in the spirit of the Flemish masters, while his religious subjects are imbued with deep feeling and solemn grandeur. Great technical skill and masterly treatment of the chiaroscuro produce the most harmonious effects in all his paintings, which include: "Cardinal Playing the Organ" (1876), a likeness of Franz Liszt ; "Avarice and Love" (1879, in the collec tion of 'W. H. Vanderbilt, New York), suggestive of Quentin Massys; and "Erasmus in His Sturdy" (Stuttgart Museum). The impressive "Pieta" (1883) won for him the gold medal at the Inter national Exhibition in Munich, and is now in the New Pinakothek, which also contains "Eury dice" (1898). For the Cathedral at Freising he painted a large altarpiece, "Assumption of the Virgin" (1889).