LUBKE, lap'ke, WILHELM ( 1826-93) . A Ger man art-historian, born at Dortmund. He studied at Bonn and Berlin; was professor of architecture at the Berlin Bauakademie (1S57-61), and of the history of art at Zurich (1861-66), Stuttgart (1806-85), and Karlsruhe (1885-93). He wrote, in a comprehensive and readable style, numerous valuable works, including a Gesehiehte der Areht tektur (6th ed. 1855) ; Grundriss der Kunst gesehichte (1S60, 12th ed. 1900; translated into English by Clarence Cook, 1880), and Gesehiehte der Plastik (3d ed. 1SSO), the last two of which have been much used as manuals.
LUBLIN, 13-701)1&i. A government of Poland, Russia, bounded by Volhynia on the east and Galicia on the south and southwest. Area, 6503 square miles. The general appearance of the region is that of an elevated plateau, bor dered and intersected by rivers. Thick forests cover the northern part, and marshes and lakes occur in the east. The region is watered by the Vistula, the San. the Wieprz, and the Bug.
Agriculture is favored by the abundance of fer tile soil as well as by the advantageous position of the government in regard to markets for the disposal of agricultural products. The German colonists and the larger landholders are more or less progressive in their agricultural methods, and even the native peasantry have been making some progress. :-.Aock-raising is an important in dustry, and wool is exported; wooden articles form one of the chief products of the house industry. Spirits, beet-sugar, flour, leather, and trimmed lumber are the principal manufac tures. The trade in grain and lumber is ex tensive. and passes to a large extent through the Vistula. Population, in 1s97, 1.159.463, in cluding over 716,000 Roman Catholics, about 2:32,000 Greek Orthodox, 167,000 Jews, and 31,000 Protestants. Capital, Lublin.