MACCULLOCH, ne-knl'16, HORATIO (1805 67). A Scotch painter, born at Glasgow. He studied under John Knox, a landscape painter, in his native city, and exhibited for many years at the Royal Academy, Edinburgh. He was elect ed an academician in 1838, and after 1847 lived in Edinburgh. His works are usually studies of Highland scenery, painted with great breadth, freshness, and sincerity. They include: "Even ing:" "A Lowland River;" "luverlochy Castle;" and "My Heart in the Highlands." McCULLOCH, Hucu (180S-95). An Ameri can financier, horn at Kennebunkport, Me. He studied at Bowdoin College. but on account of ill health did not graduate. In 1833 he removed to Fort Wayne, Ind., and entered upon the prac tice of law, but in 1845 he accepted the position of manager of a branch of the State Bank of Indiana, and soon became one of the directors of the mother bank as well. in 1862 he was made president of the Bank of the State of Indiana, which had been just organized. In these positions lie gained a more than local rep utation as a skilled financier. In 1863 he was appointed Comptroller of the Currency, with supervision over the national banking system, which was called into existence by the law of that year. In March, 1865, _McCulloch succeed
ed Fessenden as Secretary of the Treasury at the request of President Lincoln, and held that position until Marcb, 1869. Here he was con fronted with the serious problems of paying off the troops and bringing order into the finances of the nation, overcharged with the issue of all kinds of obligations of indebtedness. In the former task lie was highly successful; in the latter he made good progress in getting the fund ed indebtedness in order, but after a brief period of approval met with antagonism in Congress in his efforts to retire the legal-tender notes. was an earnest advocate of specie re sumption at the earliest possible moment. In 1869 he retired from the Treasury, became a mem ber of the firm of Jay Cooke, McCulloeh & Co.. London, and engaged in banking in that city. fie was reappointed Secretary of the Treasury upon the retirement of Secretary Gresham in October. 1884, and held that office until 1885. He died in 1895. He was the author of a pleasing book of recollections, entitled Men and Measures of Half a Century.