MCADAM, donN LonuoN (1756 IS36). A famous highway engineer of Scotland, who originated the method of macadamizing roads. Ile was horn at Ayr, Scotland, September 21, 1756. but passed his youth in New York. Ilis interest in road construction was aroused while serving as a road trustee in Ayrshire. After much experimentation, largely at his own ex pense, he reached the conclusion that broken stones supplied the best material for road con struction when applied in a specified manner. In 1798 he removed to England and in 1815 was ap pointed to superintend the roads of the Bristol district. in 1S27 he was appointed general sur veyor of the metropolitan roads, and, in reward for his exertions to render them efficient, received a grant of 110.000 from the Government. His system rapidly became general throughout land, and was also introduced into France with great success. McAdam died at Moffat, in Dum friesshire, November 26. 1S36. His work be
came famous, and his two books, .1 Practical Essay on the Scientific Repair and Preservation of Roads (BID). and Present State of Road making (1S20). were widely read. See Rows.
McADOO, initk-a-d, WILLIAM GIBBS (1820 ). Au American jurist. born near Knoxville, Tenn. Ile graduated in 1845 at East Tennessee University, and in 1845 and 1846 was a member of the State Legislature. In 1847 lie served in the Mexican War, subsequently was admitted to the bar, and from 1851 to 1860 Was Attorney General of the Knoxville judicial district. Dur ing the Civil War he served as a captain in the Confederate Army, and in 1871 became judge of the Twentieth Judicial District of Georgia. lie published various addresses, a volume of poems, and (with Prof. H. C. White) Elementary Geol ogy of Tennessee.