The following have been Goerno•s of the State since its organization as a Territory: The first printing press in Michigan was set up in 1809, and in 1817 the lirst newspaper was published at Detroit. The opening of the Erie Canal (1825) poured a vast stream of immigra tion into Michigan, and at the of the ad mission of the State the population was nearly 70,000,many of them from New England and New York. 'Fhe first bank was established at Detroit, in 1818. and by 1837 there were fifteen such in stitutions. After 1833 the country went specula tion mad, a general banking law was passed in 1537, and the State wns Ilialded with paper mon ey. The panic of 1537 11111 not interfere with the completion of the elaborate system of internal im provements that had been planned. The State undertook the building of three railways across the Lower Peninsala, but after running greatly into debt was forced in 1846 to sell them to pri vate persons at a loss. An act establishing the Uni versity of Miehigan was passed in 1517. acade mies and high schools were prnjeeted in 1521, and a board of education was created in 1529. but the common schools did not really enme into existence till after 1533. and teaching in the university was begun on an appreciable scale about 1545. In 1547 the capital was re moved froth Detrnit to Lansing. From 1853 to 1576 prohibition of the sale of liquor was a part of the Constitution. In 1576 prohibition was
abolished and a heavy liquor tax substituted.
Legislation after the Civil War was concerned largely with the taxation of corporations. In 1:-.89 the Australian ballot was adopted; a law providing for the election of Presidential electors by districts. instead of on a general ticket, was passed in 1891. but was repealed in 1893, A factory inspection act was enacted in 1894, and a stringent anti-trust law in 1899. Michigan has consistently supported the Republican Party -lure its formation, except for three lapses—in 1882 and 1883, when the Democrats and Green back party in fusion elected their candidate for Governor, and in 1890, when the Democrats alone carried the State.
BtatlounAeny. Michigan Geological Surrey Report (Lansing. 1839 et seq.) ; Lamman. His tory of Michigan Civil and Topographical (New York, 1839) ; Sheldon, The Harty history of Michigan (New York. 1856); Campbell, Outline of the Political history of Michigan (Detroit, 1876); Cooley, Michigan: A History of Gorcrn wilts (Boston. 1885) ; Farmer. The History of Detroit and Michigan. (Detroit. 1889) ; Mc Laughlin. History of higher Education in Michi gan (Washington, 1891) : Beal and Wheeler, Michigan Flora (Lansing, 1892) : Champlin, Prosperity," in Michigan Political Science Association Publications (Lansing, 1897).