MARIETTE, EnorAnn (1521-51). A French Egyptologist. horn at P,oulol,,me-sur-Mer. Ile became in ISO assist ant in the Egyptian museum at the Louvre. Ile was sent to Egypt to collect Coptie manu scripts, but there became interested in the ruin: of Memphis and in excavations. Aided finan cially by the French Government and by the Duke de Luynes. he (xeavated. in 1551, the Sera penal near the modern Sakkara and the tombs of the Api, bulls, finding thousands of inserip tions and statues, as well as many mummies of saered hulls and cows. which went chiell• to Paris. In 1851 he returned to Paris and was made curator in the Egyptian NIusetun. In 1555 he went to Egypt and became director of the governmental excavations and curator• of the monmnents. Acting in this capacity. lie cleared most of the ancient temples, the great the tombs at Sakkara, and other historic spots from and rubbish. and formed the Egyptian National Mnseum. In 1573 he received the bien nial prize of 20,000 francs from the Institute of i•'rance. The Egyptian Government gave him
the title of Bey. later that of Pasha. Ile died in 1851 and was buried in a huge stone sarcoplia 1;tis standing before the museum. A statue was erected to him at his native town, Boulogne-sur Mer. Ile produced. with the aid of collaborators and draughtsmen. many books. among them: Mt:moire stir la more d'Apis ( 1856) ; lienseigne ments stir les G j upis trout•cs dans ks sonter rains du .Nyeh•,pi'yin (1556) ; Choix de monuments et de dessins, th'eourerts on ex('eutt's pendant le dt:blayement du ,sYrupt'uni dr Memphis Le Nt'rapt'um de Memphis (1557 et seq.) ; Jpercu de l'histoire d'Egypte (1867): Abydos (1870); 1.es papyrus l.gyptiens du nium'e de lloulaq (1572-77) ; Denderah (1569-75) ; Monuments divers (1872 et seq.) : Deir-el-Bahari (1877): Karnak (1875); l'oyaye duns la Haute Egypte (157 ; 0/Moyne des »ionuments d'.1bydos : Lcs Mastabas de l'uncien empire (1851 et seq I.