MORA'VIA (Ger. ..1/lihren). A margraviate :111(1 crownland of Austria-llungary, hounded by Prussian Silesia, Austrian Silesia, Hungary, 1.ower Austria. and Bohemia (Map: Austria, F. 2). Area, 8575 square miles. it is traversed along the northern boundary by the Sneletie Mountains, along the eastern boundary by the Carpathians and the White Mountains. and along the western boundary by the Bohemian Moravian highlands, which descend in terraces toward the valley of the Mareh. Moravia be longs to the basin of the Danube, and is watered by its tributary, the March, which flows through the centre of the eountry from north to south. The climate is generally mile]. The meat/ temperature is at llriinn. The mineral de posits include iron, lignite. coal, graphite. sul phur. lead, and copper. .111 these are exploited to some extent. the output in 1900 having been valued at S3;242,027. There are a number of sulphur and saline springs.
Agriculture is the principal industry, Moravia, being one of the foremost cereal-producing parts of Austria. The principal products are rye. oats, barley, wheat, cern, and flax. sugar beets, clover, hay, and grapes. Stock-raising is carried on extensively. Among manufactures the woolen industry is especially developed. Other manufac tures are those of linen, yarn, cotton goods, leather, sugar, spirits, machinery, railway sup plies, tobacco products, etc. In 1899 Moravia
had over 500,000 persons engaged in manufac turing, of whom nearly 22,000 were employed in the beet-sugar industry. The railways had a total mileage of 1150 miles in 1900.
The Lending is composed of the Prince-Arch bishop of Olmiitz, the Bishop of BrMin, 30 rep resentatives of the landed aristocracy, 31 repre sentatives of the towns, 6 representatives of the chambers of commerce and industries of Briinn and Olmiitz. and 31 representatives of the rural districts. The representatives of the rural dis tricts are indirectly elected. In the Lower House of the Austrian Reiehsrat Moravia is represented by 36 members.
At the head of the administration is the Gov ernor. representing the Crown. The erownland has a system of district courts, and at Briinn court of second instance, from which appeals can be made to the Supreme Court at Vienna. Mo ravia is well provided with educational institu tions, and over 98 per cent. of its school popula tion attend school. Capital, Briinn (q.v.). The population was 2,276,870 in 1890, and 2,437.706 in 1900. Over 71 per cent, of the population con sists of Czechs, Aloravians, and Slovaks, and about 28 per cent. of Germans. Over 95 per cent. of the inhabitants are Roman Catholics.