CHARITARLE, PENAL, ANn REFORMATORY NSTI TUTIONS, The State schools for the deaf are the American School at Dartford, the Clark School at Northampton. the New England Industrial 'School at Beverly, the Horace Mann School at Boston. the Boston School for the Deaf, and the Sarah Fuller Dome at The blind are educated at. the Perkins Institute and Massa chusetts School for the Blind. The feeble-minded are provided for at the Massachusetts School for the Feeble:Minded, located at Waltham. Other charitable institutions are the State Dospital (almshouse), at Tewksbury: State Primary School at Monson; State Farm at Bridgewater: insane hospitals at Taunton. Northampton, Dan vers. and Westboro; and the Hospital for In ebriates at Foxhoro. The total number of in mates of the nine foregoing institutions increased from 2750 in 1803 to :MO in 1900. Besides the above there are many city and town almshouses and hospitals and insane asylums. The number of inmates of the former increased as shown above: that of the latter increased from 420 to 4291. The net cost of all paupers in Massa elmsetts--State and town—inereased from 413,0t10 in 1590 to S3.1S7 .000 in 1900. The cost inhabitant of .Massachusetts increased ea during the same period from SLIM to *1.20. The increase in the number of the inmates of the insane hospitals and asylnms in that decade has averaged about :too annually, resulting in a very greatly overcrowded condition in these institu tions. There are about 900 of the insane still in 111e city and town almshouses. hut n rPCCIli late provides that these shall be supported and eared for by the '4101.4• after January 1, 1901. There ore separate hospitals for epileptics and tuber culous patients. The State maintains a reforma tory for men at Concord. and a reformatory for wOt11eTI at Sherborm Convicts in the State prison, reformatories, jails. and houses of correction work only under the public account system, ex cept in ease of the industries of canc-seating and making umbrellas. Both in the State and county institutions the labor of prisoners is under the supervision of the Ceneral Superintendent of Prisons. The State Board of Charities. consist
of nine members. is vested with greater power than is commonly exercised by similar boards in other States. .111(1 they have succeeded in bringing about decided improvements in the administration of charitable affairs. such as, for instance, the curtailment. of unnecessary aid which creates rather than lessens pauperism; (r, again, the more judicious treatment of children who may require the attention of State authori ties. The tendency in the latter kind of eases is to find homes for, or board children in. private families rather than in institutions, great care being taken to find proper homes and to keep in (dose touch with the children placed therein. As a consequence, although the nunilter of children in State care has inereased from 2005 in 1866 to 3742 in 1900, the children in institutions have decreased in number (luring that time from 1437, or 70 per cent., to 55S, or 15 per cent. of the total.
lit 1002 Bartholomew Gosnold (q.v.) effected a settlement on Cuttyliunk Island, be tween Ituzzard's Ilay and Vineyard Sound, but the colony was abandoned after three weeks. The first successful attempt at colonization was made by a band of Pilgrims, 102 in number, who came front Leyden in Holland. They were a Puritan sect, known as Separatists or Brownists, who had fled from England to Holland in 100S to escape persecution. and, weary of living in a for eign land, had determined to found a place of refuge. in America. Through a company of mer chant adventurers, a patent was obtained from the Couneil for New England for a settlement within the limits of 'Virginia.' They set sail front Delft Ifaven, duly 22. 1020, and front Plymouth in England on the sixth of September. It was their intention to settle south of the Iludson River, but storms drove the Mayflower to the neighborhood of Cape C'od. and on Decent her 11th (new style December 21st, the anniver sary of Forefathers' Day being celebrated on De cember 22(1) the emigrants landed at Plymouth Rock.