ORANGE. A city in Essex County, N. J., four miles northwest of Newark; on the Lacka wanna Railroad, a branch of the Erie, and elec tric railroads connecting with Newark, Mont clair, Bloomfield, East Orange, South Orange, and other towns of the vicinity (Slap: New .Tersey. D 2). It is situated at an elevation of from 150 to 200 feet, near the base of First (orange) Mountain. a great ridge of trap rock, which extends for many miles in a northeast and southwest direction rising to a height of over 600 feet above tide water. Among the pic turesque spots in the neighborhood are Llewellyn Park of 750 acres (West Orange). with many fine residences: Eagle Rock. on the east brow of the mountain. now a part of the new public park system of Essex County: and Hemlock Falls (South Orange), situated amid wild scenery. The city is noted as a residential place, having the homes of many New York business men. and from its elevated suburbs commands magnificent views of the surround ing country. In the city and vicinity are many miles of excellent roads. The note worthy buildings include the Stickler Memorial Library. Columbus School Building and Theatre, Decker Building. Metropolitan Building. Music Hall. Orange Memorial Hospital. with the Shepard pavilion and a training school for nurses, Orphan Home, House of the Good Shep herd. Masonic Temple_ and the First Presbyterian Church, originally built in 1719, and several times remodeled. The city has a public library,
a bureau of associated charities, a well-known Mendelssohn Union, a New England Society, Es sex County Hunt and Essex County clubs, and other athletic and social clubs. Orange is wide ly known also as the seat of an extensive hat industry. Llewellyn Park is the Edison laboratory. The government, under a revised charter of 1879, is vested in a mayor, biennially elected, and a council. The board of education is independently elected by popular vote. The water-works are owned and operated by the municipality. Population, in 1890, 15.844; in 1900, 24,141.
Orange, originally a part of Newark and called the 'Newark Mountain,' was probably settled as early as 1660 or 1607. In 171S the settlers es tablished a separate Church and called it "The Mountain Society.' This in 1781 became the `Second Church of Newark,' and still exists as the 'First Presbyterian Church of Orange.' In 1806 Orange was separated from Newark and in corporated as a town under it- present name, the name Orange Dale having been in use from about 1791. In 1870 it was chartered as a city. Out of Orange were created South. West. and East Orange in 1801, 1862, and 1863 respectively. Consult : Whittemore, The Founders of the (Newark, 18961 ; and Wickes, History of the from JIM to 1806 (New ark, 1892).