OSTADE, Os't»-de, ADRIAEN VAN (1610-85). One of the greatest of Dutch genre painters. lie was born at Haarlem, December 10, 1610. and was a pupil of Frans llals. Ile was, however, more influenced by his fellow-pupil Brouwer. in whose manner he painted tavern scenes from peasant life, during what may be called his first manner, which lasted till about 1640. He endeavored to render the artistic effect of the whole, giving lit tle detail, and even caricaturing Brouwer's types. His second manner is characterized by chia roscuro effects, which show. especially in his in teriors, the influence of Rembrandt. The element of the landscape also enters his art, which had heretofore been confined to interiors. From 1650 to 1670 he was at the height of his powers, after which his pictures become cooler in tone. though the colors are brighter, and the execution is more detailed. He lived in prosperous cir cumstances, having been dean of the Painters' Guild and a member of the civic guard. He died at Haarlem, April 27, 1685.
Over five hundred of his paintings survive, of which there are numerous examples in the gal leries of Northern Europe. Of the paintings of his first period, representing tavern scenes, there are good specimens in the private galleries of Vienna and Cassel. and in the public collections of Munich and Dresden. Among the works of his best period are the '•Hurdy-Gurdy Man Be fore a Peasant's Cottage" (1640) and "Peasant Company," in the Berlin Museum; "Interior of a Cottage," (1642), "The Village School," and "The Schoolmaster," in the Louvre: "A Tavern Scene" (1660), "Peasants Smoking," "The Painter in His Studio," and others in the Dres den Gallery; and a number of excellent examples in Buckingham Palace. London. To his best
period also belong a number of admirable single genre figures like the "Baker," "Fiddler," "Hurdy-Gurdy Man," and the three "Senses," at Saint Petersburg; the "Merchant," and "Man Reading," in the Louvre: "The Smoker" (Ant werp), and the "Herring Eater" (Brussels) ; a fine portrait group wrongly supposed to be the painter and his family, in the Louvre. There are good examples of his later period at Amster dam, The Hague. Cassel, and Dresden. Ostade was also an etcher of sonic distinction, having left about 50 plates treating of peasant subjects, most of them dated 1646 and 1647, a period at which be was under the influence of Rembrandt.
Consult: Van der Willigen, Les artiste.* de Haarlem (The 18701, and the biographies by Gaedertz (Lfibeck. 1S69), and Lemcke. in Dolime. Kunst -and Kunstler (Leipzig. 1878) also Bode. Adriacn ran ()shale ale Zeiehntr and Mater (Vienna, 189,11; Van der Wiele, Les frirrs ran ()stark. (Paris, 18931: Rosenberg, .1drim'n and Isaak ran Ostade (Bielefeld. 19001 ',Springer , Des radicrte Werk nor ran Ostade (Ber lin. 18991.