PADERBORN, pii'der-bt?rn. A town in the Province of Westphalia, Prussia, situated at the source of the Pader (hence the name of the town), about 15 miles southwest of Detmold ( \1ap: Prussia, C 3). It has a modern aspect, a considerable part having been rebuilt since the conflagration of 1875. The cathedral, which was built above the source of the hider mainly in the thirteenth century, and which contains parts of the original twelfth-century structure, was com pletely restored in IS91-93. It is Gothic in style and contains among other treasures the silver coffin of Saint Liborius, which was sub stituted for the original one coined into dol lars by Duke Christian of Brunswick in 1622. 'The Busdorfkirche, of the fourteenth century, and the Ratbaus. dating from the fifteenth cen tury, and recently restored, are noteworthy build ings. The chief educational institutions are a gymnasium, an institute of theology and phi losophy (taking the place of the university, which was closed in 1819), seminaries for priests and teachers, and a Rca/schir/e. The town has
railway shops, manufactures of glass, soap, and tobacco, distilleries, flour mills. etc., and carries on some trade in fruit: cattle. and wool. In the vicinity are mineral springs of considerable reputation. Population, in 1890, 17.986; in 1900, chiefly Roman Catholics. Paderborn first came into notice when Charlemagne held a diet there in 777, and eighteen years later nominated the first bishop. It was surrounded with walls in the eleventh century, and in the Mddle Ages enjoyed considerable political independence as a member of the Hansa. For its early adoption of Reformation principles it was forcibly deprived of its privileges in 1604 by the Prince-Bishop Theodore of Ffirstenburg. The bishopric, founded in 795 by Charlemagne, was secularized in 1802. Consult Richter, Geschichte der Stadt Paderborn, vols. i., ii. (Paderborn, 1899-1903).