PAMPLONA, pam-phina (often called by English writers PAMPELUNA, piina'pe-)7)5'na). The capital of the Province of Navarre (Navar ra), in Northern Spain, and in the Middle Ages capital of the Kingdom of Navarre. It is situ ated on an eminence dominating the surrounding plain among the foothills of the Pyrenees, 16 miles froru the French frontier (Map: Spain, E 1). It is a military station of the first class and is surrounded by a circle of detached forts. The streets in the old quarters are narrow, while in the suburbs have sprung up many modern houses lining broad and well-kept streets. The city has three beautiful plazas, of which the Plaza del Castillo. with its arcades flanked by tire edifice of tire provincial deputation and the simple modern theatre, is the best. and four charming promenades and the park-like Forest of Tijerfa; while among the principal buildings are the Gothic cathedral, begun in 1397, with a Graeco-Roman facade, and the historic Sala Preciosa, where formerly met the of varre; the ornate municipal palace, the regal palace, and the bull ring, capable of seating 8000 persons. The aqueduct of Noah), eight miles
long, for a portion of its course supported by 97 arches, furnishes the city with its water supply. The town possesses also a large hospital, a pro vincial institute, normal schools, and a seminary. The chief manufactures are linen, flour, soaps, beverages, leather. and paper, and there are iron, lead, and copper foundries. Population. in 1887, 26,663; in 1000, 30.009.
The name Pamplona is said to be derived from Pompeiopolis (the city of Pompeins), though this etymology is disputed. Being a fortified frontier town, Pamplona has figured in tire wars with the French and also in the C'arlist