STUART, JAMES EWELL BROWN ( 1833-64 ) . An American soldier, prominent as a cavalry leader in the Confederate service during the Civil War. Ile was born in Virginia, attended Emory and Henry College, and.graduated at the united States Military Academy in 1854. He then served as lieutenant on the Texas frontier, taking part in several actions with the Apache Indians. In 1857 his regiment was sent to Kan sas to maintain peace, and later he saw service against the Cheyenne Indians. In April, 1861, he was promoted to the rank of captain, but re signed from the United States Army upon re ceiving notice of the secession of Virginia, and was shortly thereafter commissioned lieutenant colonel of Virginia troops. At the first battle of Bull Run he won distinction as a cavalry commander, and was rewarded in September fol lowing by promotion to the rank of brigadier general. He made several successful raids and took a conspicuous part in the Seven Days' Battle before Richmond. In July, 1862, he was commissioned major-general of cavalry, and shortly afterwards mad% is dash upon General Pope's headquarters, capturing his official correspondence and making prisoners of several of his staff. This was followed the same
night by a successful raid on Manassas Junction. Ile participated with distinction hi the second battle of Bull Run and in the battle of Antietam, made a raid into Pennsylvania, guarded the Confederate right at Fredericks burg, and aided Stonewall Jackson at Chan cellorsville. After the death of Jackson and the wounding of A. P. Ilill, the command of Jackson's corps devolved temporarily upon him. He took part in Lee's Gettysburg campaign with out adding anything to his reputation as a cavalry commander. In the campaign of the Wilderness he won several successes; and when Sheridan advanced upon Richmond General Stuart confronted him at Yellow Tavern, where the Confederates were defeated and General Stuart mortally wounded. He died Nay 12, IS64. Consult his Life and Campaigns, by H. B. McClellan. his chief of staff (Boston. 1S85).