STRAUSS, JOHANN, the Younger (1825-99). A distinguished Austrian composer, born in Vienna, son of the preceding. His father was averse to his adopting the profession of music, hut, aided by his mother, he was enabled to secure instruction on the violin and in composi tion, And at nineteen years of are severed his home connections and secured an engagement as conductor of an orchestra at a popular restau rant in 11 ictzing. He used the opportunity to play his own waltz compositions and soon became widely popular. After his father's death he united both orchestras and began a concert tour through many European countries. From 1855 to 1865 he was the conductor of the Petropaul ovski Park summer concerts in Saint Peters burg, and from 1863 to 1870 was also conductor of the Court. balls. He composed nearly 500 dance pieces, which for the most part possess the highest merit. Among the best known may be mentioned: The Beautiful Blue Danube.;
Roses from the South; Artist's Life; Vienna Blood; The One Thousand and One Nights; Wine, Women, and Song. His operettas were entitled as follows: Indigo ( 1S71) ; Der Cameral in Ron?. (1873); Die Fledermaus (1874); Cagliostro (1875) ; Prinz Methusalent (1877) ; Der lustige Krieg (1881) ; Eine ;Yacht in, Venedig (1883) ; Der Zigeuncrba•ot (1885) ; Si rrplieius (1887) ; Ritter Pasman (1892) ; Fiirstin Ninetta (1893); Jabuka, odcr dos Apfelfest (1894); lValdmcister (1895) ; Die Gottin der lernunft (1S97); and a ballet Aschenbrodcl. For his biography consult Eisenberg (Leipzig, 1S94) and Proehazka (Ber lin, 1900).
His brothers, .JosErn (1327-70), who became leader of the Vienna orchestra in 1863, and EDU ARD (1835—), who assumed its direction in 1370, both did creditable as musical con ductors and composers of dance music.