The uselessness of protracting the struggle was recognized by a number of the Boer leaders be fore the beginning of 1902, and negotiations for peace were begun in January of that year. The British Government declined to take into con sideration the question of the independence of the Boer States, and the articles of peace as signed at Pretoria on Slay 30th were substantial ly those offered by the in 1901. By the terms of the treaty the Boers in the field agreed to lay down their arms and to acknowl edge Edward VII. as their lawful sovereign, on condition that no burgher should be deprived of .his liberty or property, or be subjected to civil or criminal proceedings, for acts committed dur ing the war. it was provided that the Dutch lan guage be taught in the public schools and the use of it permitted in the courts. Military ad ministration in the colony was to be sueneeded by civil rule at the earliest opportunity, to be followed by the ultimate establishment of repre sentative government. No special tax was to be imposed on landed property to defray the ex penses of the war. The number of Boers who surrendered after the conclusion of peace was more than 20,000.
Figures issued by the War Office showed that the English forces engaged in South Africa dur ing the war numbered nearly 450,000, of which number 9940 were in South Africa on August 1, 1899. The reinforcements after that date dis patched to South Africa from Great Britain in cluded nearly 24.7.000 regular troops and 110,000 volunteers, militia and yeomanry. The number of volunteers from the British colonies was near ly 31,000, and more than 52,000 men were raised in South Africa. The casualties, as given by the War Office, were 1072 officers and 20,973 men dead or missing, and 3116 officers and 72,514 men sent home as invalids. The cost of the war in money WAS placed by the authorities at £206, 224.000. The Boer enlistment from first to last,
according to estimates made by the Red Cross Society, did not exceed 75.000. Their casualties were placed at 3700 killed or dead of wounds, and 32,000 prisoners.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Amery (ed.), Times History Bibliography. Amery (ed.), Times History of the War in South Africa, 1899-1902 (vols. i., ii., London. 1900—) ; De Wet, Three Years' War (New York, 1902) ; Viljoen, Die Transvaaler int Krieg nit England (Munich, 1902) ; Amtliche Beriehte des Generals J. II. de la Rey—sowie anudere Uri:linden fiber den Siidafrikanisehen Krieg (ih., 1902) ; Hillegas, The Boers in War (New York, 1900) ; Estorff and Gerneth, Der Buren krieg in Siidafrika (Berlin, 1901) ; Mahan. The War in South Africa—to the Fall of Pretoria (New York, 1900) ; Danes. Cassell's history of the Boer War, 1899-1901 (London, 1901) ; Doyle, The Great Boer War (New York. 1902) ; Davitt, The Boer Fight for Freedom (ib., 1902) ; Ogden, The War Against the Dutch Republics South Africa (Mancliestpr, Eng., 1901) ; Cunliffe, History of the Boer 4London, 1901) Hiley and Hassell, The Mobile Boer (New York, 1902) ; Davis, With Both Armies in South Africa (ib., 1900); Steevens, From 'Capctoum to Ladysmith (ib., 1900) ; Burleigh, Natal Campaign (London, 1900) ; Churchill. London to Ladysmith via Pre toria (New York. 1900) ; Kinnear, To Hodder River with Methuen (Bristol. Eng., 1900) ; Ralph. Towards Pretoria (New York, 1900) ; id., An American with Lord Roberts (ib., 1901) ; Goldmann, With General French and the Cavalry in South Africa (ib., 1902) ; 'Nevinson, Lady smith, the Diary of a Siege (ib., 1900) ; Ashe, Besieged by the Boers in Eimberky 1900) ; Young, The Relief of Mafeking (London, 1900) ; Wilkinson, Lessons of the War (ib., 1900).