In 1886 Stanley was placed at the head of an expedition for the relief of Emin Pasha (q.v.), Governor of the Equatorial Province of the Egyp tian Sudan. In March, 1887, he reached the mouth of the Congo, ascended it to the pushed on to the head of navigation on this tributary, and then struck out through the equa torial wilderness in the direction of the Albest Nyanza. The party marched for months through interminable tropical forests, where they had literally to hew their way, and did not reach the Albert Nyanza until December 13, 1887. Out of 389 men only 174 were left, and they were lit tle more than skeletons. In April, 1S88, the intrepid Emin Pasha made his appearance on the shores of the lake. Stanley now retraced his steps to the Aruwimi in order to bring up a de tachment of men which he had left there. lie found but a remnant of them. For the third time he crossed the vast forest, and in January, 1589, he rejoined Emin, with whom he proceeded to the coast. On this journey Stanley made his second crossing of Africa, emerging at Zanzibar after dis covering the extent of the great forest, the water connection between Lake Albert Edward and the Albert Nyanza, the snow-capped Ruwenzori mountain chain between the two lakes, and the southwestern prolongation of the Victoria Ny anza. This expedition ended his active career in
Africa. of which he had given to the world more information than any other man, excepting Liv ingstone. Stanley was patient and kind to the natives, and his success in founding the Congo Free State (q.v.) was largely due to the con fidence he inspired and the friendships he won by his unfailing tact. At the same time he did not hesitate to fight the Africans with every resource at his command if their hostility threatened the destruction of his expeditions o• imperiled his enterprises.
Stanley was married to Dorothy Tennant, the artist, in 1890. in 1892 he became a naturalized citizen of Great Britain, and in July, 1895, he entered the British Parliament for North Lam beth as a Liberal Unionist. In 1899 he received a Knighthood of the Bath. His hooks, which were published in London and New York, and most of which have been translated into several lan guages. are: How 1 Fonvd Liriagstone (1872) ; My Kalulm (1872) ; Coomassie and Magdala (1874) ; Through the Dark Continent (1878) ; The Conyo (1885) ; In Darkest Africa (1890) ; .11y Dark Companions (1893) ; Starer!, and the Slave Trade in Africa. (1893) ; My Early Trarels and Adventures in America and Asia (1895) ; and Through South Africa (1898).