Arriving at Copenhagen in October of the same year, he was feted and overwhelmed with hon ors, and besides works of less importance he ob tained a commission for the plastic decoration of Vor Fruekirke (Clinrch of Our Lady), with fig ures, groups, and reliefs, executed subsequently in Rome. They comprise the colossal statue of "Christus Consolator." one of his masterpieces, the statues of the "Twelve Apostles," and the re liefs of the "Institution of Baptism" and of the "Institution of the Holy Communion." He left Copenhagen in 1820 and, having arranged at Warsaw for the erection of his equestrian statue of Prince l'oniatowski and the Copernicus Monu ment, returned to Rome, where he devoted himself zealously to his new commissions. To these were added the to Pope Pius VII." (completed and placed in Saint Peter's in 1831), and the statue of Lora Byron (completed 1835 and since 1845 in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge). A statue of "Hope," or dered in 1818 and completed 1829, adorns the tomb of the Humboldt family in the park at Tegel, near Berlin.
In 1825 Thorwaldsen was elected president of the Accademia di San Luca in home. notwith standing the objections to him as a Protestant. When, in 1830, he went to _Munich to superin tend the erection of his statue of "Duke Eugene of Lenchtenberg," in Saint Michael's Church, he was received by King Louis with the great est distinction and at once given the commission for an equestrian statue of the "Elector Maxi milian I.." the first instance in which he repre sents an historical personage in the costume of the time. This was done most successfully in the statue of "Conradin, Last of the Hohenstaufen." in Santa Maria del Carmine. at Naples. Be sides some reliefs of antique subjects, he pro duced in the thirties the figure of a "Young Dancer" (1537, Palazzo TorIonia) and a colossal statue of "Vulcan," one of his last works done in Rome.
In 1S:38. at the invitation of the King, he re turned to his native country. The simple wood
carver's son was conducted thither like a reign ing sovereign in a royal Danish frigate. Besides his monumental tasks for the Fruekirke, it was principally reliefs from Greek mythology that now claimed his attention, and in the spring of 1841 he repaired once more to Rome to finish some subjects be had left behind. His journey through Germany was a triumphal progress, and after one year in Rome he returned to Copen hagen, devoting himself to work in relief. The pieces known as "Christmas Joy in Heaven," "The Rape of Hylas," and the famous "Four Sea sons" are the most remarkable. Ile died at the theatre, on March 24, 1844, and was escorted to his burial place with princely honors, the entire royal family attending the funeral. His native city erected to her gm-eat soil a worthy monument in the Thorwaldsen Museum, in which all his works, in the original or in plaster models, his sketches and studies, and his art collections are preserved, and in the court of which his earthly remains have, according to his wish• found their last rest ing place.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. For his life and works conBibliography. For his life and works con- sult Andersen (Berlin, 1854) ; Thiele, collated from the Danish by Barnard (London, 1865) ; id., Thorrahlsrn and His Marks, trans. by Sind ing (New York, 1869). with 365 engravings; Plon, trans. by Mrs. Cashel Hoey (London, 1874), and by Luyster (Roston, 1874) ; LtIcke, in Dohme, Kunst nail Kunstler des neunzehnten. Jahrhunderts, i. (Leipzig. 1886) ; Sigurd 11191 ler (Copenhagen, 1893) ; and Rosenberg (Biele feld, 1901) : also Kestner, Ittirnisehe Studien (Berlin. MO) Springer. !littler ails der neueren Kunstgesrhiehte (Bonn, 1867) Lfihke. te der Pinsfik (Leipzig, 1880) ; Lange, Sergcl og Thorraldsen (Copenhagen. 1886) : and id., Thoriraldsens Darstellung des Mensehen, trans. by Mann (Berlin, 1894).