TUBIGON, tWae-gon'. A town of Bohol, Philippines, situated about 28 miles from Tagbi laran (Map: Philippine Islands, H 10). Popu lation, in 1887, 11,616; now 15,350.
TttBINGEN, tn'bing-en. A town of Wiirttem berg. Germany, crowning a hill on the Upper Neckar, IS miles south-southwest of Stuttgart, on the edge of the Black Forest (Map: Germany, C 4). It owes its celebrity chiefly to the ancient university. (See TUBINGEN, UNIVERSITY OF.) The antique houses and narrow- streets of the old part of the town give it a quaint appearance. Saint George's Church (Stiftskirehe) contains a beau tiful choir, and the new Catholic church is a superb edifice. The town hall is an interesting timber-built structure, recently restored. The poet t'hland, who was born in Tubingen, is commemorated by a fine statue. On a hill above the city stands the interesting Renaissance castle, Ilohentiibingen, completed in 1540. It affords a magnificent view. The university library and observatory are here. North of Tiibingen is the Cistercian monastery of Be benhausen (1185), an exceptionally fine example of Gothic architecture. It has beautiful clois ters and an art collection. The Protestant semi nary. dating from 1536, became noted under Baur, who founded the Tiibingen school of the ology. ( See TUBINGEN SCHOOL.) There is also a Catholic seminary. Both of these institutions possess good libraries. The town has a surgical clinic, a woman's hospital, and a hospital for the insane. The manufacture of surgical and sci entific instruments, book printing, and the culti vation of hops and the vine are the leading in dustries. Population, in 1900, 15,338, nearly all Protestants.
Consult: Eifert. Gesehiehte der Skull Tubin gen (Tiibingen, 1849) ; Fink, Tubingen (Zurich, 1891).
TifBINGEN, UNIVERSITY OF. A German uni versity, founded in 1477 by Count Eberhard in) Bart of \Vfirttemberg. It was organized
with the usual four faculties. Reuchlin, Me lanchthon, and Heinrich Bebel taught there at various times. Under Dukes 'Ulrich and Chris topher, the university took an active part in Ow Reformation. What made the university famous in its early days and since is the Protes tant seminary established in 1536 for the edu cation of evangelical ministers, which is direct ly under the Minister of Public Worship and Education. It thus became the leading theological university in Germany. The institution main tained a steady growth until the establishment of the Karlsschule by Duke Charles Eugene, when it suffered a temporary decline. King Frederick took away from the university in 1811 most of its rights and privileges. In 1817 the Catholic university founded at Eliwangen in 1812 was united with Tithingen. and a Catholic theological faculty was added ; at the same time the faculty of political science was created, and in 1863 was added the natural science faculty. In the nine teenth century the institution experienced a rig orous growth, due chiefly to the great theologians, such as Baur, the head of the Tubingen school of criticism, Strauss, and many others. Since 1832 the whole university has practically been rebuilt. In 1902 the university consisted of the following faculties: (1) cal: (2) Catholic-theological; (3) law; (4) medicine: (5) natural science; (6) philosophy; (7) political science. It includes numerous seminaries, laboratories, and clinics. The library now contains over 390,000 volumes and nearly 3S00 manuscripts. The attendance in 1902 was 1524. Consult Kliipfel, Die Universitat Tubin gen. in ihrer Vergangenheit and Gegenwart (Leip zig, 1877).