BERGAMO, ber'g5.-mti (the town on the hill, from Celt. brig. Ger. Berg, hill). A city, capital of the Province of Bergamo. in north Italy. 33 miles northeast of Milan (Slap: Italy, D 2). It consists of two distinct sections. the upper city and the lower city, connected by the Via Vittorio Emanuele and by cable-ears. In the lower city are other street railways. The appearance of the upper city, with its hilly streets. its ancient. buildings, and its girdle of lofty, bastioned walls, now turned into prome nades, is picturesquely medifeval: that of the city on the plain, with its factories and shops, en tirely modern. In the old city, grouped around the Garibaldi Place. which contains a bronze statue of Garibaldi. are the medieval Broletto, which now holds the library of 70.000 volumes. and the first story of which is an open colonnade, containing a statue of Torquato Tasso: the Pa lazzo Nuovo. which has now been converted into a technical school: the cathedral, the interior of which was restored in the Seventeenth Century: the beautiful Twelfth-Century Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, which contains the monuments of the musicians, Donizetti and Mayr: the Col leoni Chapel. with its art treasures, and the city
'all. In the Aceademia Carrara. in the new city, is an important collection of paintings. In industry and commerce Bergamo is one of the busiest cities in Italy, and was the first to intro duce the culture and the manufacture of silk. Other manufactures are those of clothing, hats, iron implements, majolica-ware, confectionery, and organs. The railway put an end to the im portance of the once famous fair of an Alessan dro. The ancient Bergomum was a Gallie settle ment. which received civic rights from Cesar. The town became part of the Venetian dominion in 142S. Population, in 1881, 40,000; in 1901, 46.000.