Berkeley was not a man to remain in the enjoy ment of leisure and opulence. The Dean of Derry set to devising schemes of usefulness, fix ing at last on one by which his deanery and in come were to he exchanged for exile and £100 a year. This was the Bermuda College scheme for training pastors for the colonies and mis sionaries to the American Indians. Swift, fail ing to induce him to give up the project, made influence with ministers to support it, which they promised to do. Full of hope, Berkeley pre pared for his exile. He married, in August, 1728, Anna, daughter of Right Hon. John Fors ter, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, and soon after sailed for Rhode island. In that State. not far from Newport, he wrote the larger part of A Iciphron; or, the Minute Philosopher (1732), his favorite resort being a natural recess in the rocks on the seashore. In 1733 he published his Theory of Visual Language Vindicated. The support promised by the Government was never given to him, and after a few years lie returned to England in 1732. In 1734 he received the bishopric of Cloyne, as a mark of favor from Queen Caroline. He was now once more in the enjoyment of leisure, of which he availed himself to write many works. In 1744 he gave the world his notions of the virtues of tar-water, and his revised philosophical ideas in a book entitled ,'iris: A Chain of Philosophical Reflec tions, etc. In this work he made an attempt to
do philosophical justice to the element of per manence in experience; but it cannot be said that he succeeded in doing more than setting a problem for subsequent idealism. His last work was Further Thoughts on Tar-Water, published in 1752. The fact is, he was hypochondriacal for many years before his death. He died at Ox ford, whither he had gone to live with his son, who was studying at Christ Church. A genial companion, an affectionate and steady friend, he was loved by all of his contemporaries who enjoyed his society; a graceful writer, a subtle philosopher, and an active churchman, his whole life was devoted to usefulness, and ennobled by the purity of his aspirations. The best edition of his works is that of Fraser (2d ed., Oxford, 1902), one volume of which is devoted to a life; consult also for a briefer biography Fraser. Berkeley (London, 1881), and for philosophical criticism Frederiehs, Ucber Bcr•elcys Ideal-ismus (Berlin, 1S70) ; Spicker, Kant, Hume and Berke ley ( Berlin, 1875) ; Janitseli, Rants •iber Berkeley (Strassburg, 1879 ) ; Pen jon, Etudes sur et les ceurres philosophigues do Berkeley (Paris, 1878).