BOER WAR. In this war, as in the Spanish American, there was little occasion for the tacti cal use of artillery. In general, the Boer modern long-range, quick-firing gun was superior to the older type of gun used by the English.
Little has been said of sea-coast artillery in the above historic-al sketch, as its scientific de velopment, in which the United States has taken a prominent part, was commenced only during the last years of the Nineteenth Century. The modern weapons of artillery are now• such cOm Mica ted and complete pieees of mechanism that the various groups can best he eonsidered when treated by themselves, and accordingly the reader is referred to the articles COAST ARTILLERY; FIELD ARTILLERY; GUNS, NATAL; HORSE ARTIL LERY; HOWITZERS; :MACHINE URNS: :MORTARS; MoUNTAIN ARTILLERY; ORDNANcE ; and SIEGE GUNS: in which will he found illustrated deserip tions of most forms of modern ordnance.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Wagner, Organivslion and TacBibliography. Wagner, Organivslion and Tac- tics (New York, ; Grosse, ]Iilitary.1tttiqui t it s (London. 1801 1 ; ()Well, Modern Artillery (London, 1873) ; Lloyd and Had•oek, Artillery: Its Proyffss and Present Position (Portsmouth, 1S93) ; Birkhinwr, Historical Sketelt of the .1,-
tincry, United States .1rmy (Washington. 1 Sti4) ; "Gun-Making in the United States," in doarnal of Military Service Institution (Gov ernor's Island, ISM) ; .Terrain, The Armies of the World (bunio), 859 ) and Drill llegula tions for Coast Artillery, rnitcd States For the organization of artillery, and its relation to the other arms of a modern army, see ARMY ORGANIZATION. and for a deseription of the tac tics governing artillery see TACTICS, :MILITARY; SIEGE .I.ND SIEGE WORKS ; FORTIFICATION; and CoAs•r for a discussion of the theory of various artillery weapons, see BALLISTICS and GUNNERY: for the construction and the mechani •al details of different forms of cannon, see See also PROJECTILES: FUZE; PRIM ER: AMMUNITION; RANGE and RANGE-FINDER ; Ex m.oktvEs; and GITNrovvium. The article ARMIES gives the proportion of artillery in the various modern armies.