BAILEY, GAMALIEL ( 1807-59). An Ameri can journalist, prominent in the anti-slavery con flict. He was born at Mount Holly, N. J., the son of a Methodist preacher: graduated at the Jefferson Medical College. Philadelphia, in 1327; and for several months, after 1829, was the edi tor, at Baltimore, of The Methodist Protestant, the short-lived official organ of a radical offshoot of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He went to Cincinnati in 1831, and was physician to the cholera hospital during the great cholera epi demic of that year. Converted to Abolitionism through the famous Lane Seminary debates of 1834, he thereafter took an active part in the anti slavery conflict, and in 1836 assisted JamesG.Bir ney (q.v.) in establishing a weekly anti-slavery paper, The Cincinnati Philanthropist, of which lie became proprietor and editor-in-chief in Sep tember. 1837. His press was repeatedly destroyed by mobs and his life was often threatened, but he nevertheless continued in his work until 1S47, and after 1543 was editor also of a daily paper, The Herald, likewise established by himself. In
1347 he removed to Washington and became the editor of a newly established anti-slavery paper, The National Era, which, under his management. attained a wide circulation, exerted a powerful influence, and came to be regarded in many quar ters as the central organ of Abolitionism. To this paper Mrs. Stowe, Whittier, Amos A. Phelps, and Sirs. Southworth were regular contributors, and it was in it that, in 1852, Mrs. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, first appeared. In 1848 the Era office was besieged for three (lays by a pro-slavery mob, which finally dispersed under the influence of an eloquent address by Dr. Bailey. Consult an article. "A Pioneer Editor," in The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. XV1I. (Boston, 1866).