BENNETT, JOHN TI•GHES (1812-75). An English physician and physiologist. He was horn in London, and entered the University of Edin burgh in 1833, where J. H. Balfour, Edward Forbes and John Reid were among his fellow students. After his graduation, in 1837, lie studied two years in Paris, where he founded the Parisian Medical Society, and became its first president. On his return to Edinburgh in 1S41 he published his famous treatise on Cod-Livcr Oil as a Therapeutic Agent in Certain Forms of Gout, Rheumatism, and Scrofula. The remedial properties of this oil had long been known to the fishermen of Scotland, and had been pre scribed by physicians in the Manchester In firmary. But it was not until the publication of Dr. Bennett's pamphlet (1841), and that of Dr. C. .J. B. Williams (1S48), that the drug was generally introduced. As lecturer on histol ogy at Edinburgh, Dr. Bennett was the first to give systematic instruction in this subject. He
was also one of the pioneers in the employment of the microscope in clinical pathology. In 1848 he was the unanimous choice for the office of professor at the Institute of Medicine in Edin burgh, and he held this position until his resig nation in 1874. The remarkable decrease in the mortality of pneumonia was also due to his efforts, and was largely the result of his revela tion of the dangers attending the so-called anti phlogistie method of treating this disease. He published in all 105 papers and memoirs, most of them of great importance. Especially cele brated among his larger works are the Clinical Lectures on the Principles and Practice of Medi cine (5th ed., 1868). Six editions of this work were, prior to 1875, published in the United States alone, and translations of it have been made in Russian, and Hindu.