WAGRAM, vit'grilm. or DEPTSCH-WAGRAM. A village of Lower Austria, on the left bank of the Russbach, about 20 miles northeast of Vi enna, notable as the scene of one of Napoleon's most celebrated victories, gained over the Aus trians under the Archduke Charles, July 6, 1809. After the French defeat at Aspern (q.v.) in May of that year, Napoleon had retired to the island of Lobau in the Danube, whence, with his forces increased by the arrival of Eu gene Beauharnais, he prepared to set out for a decisive struggle with the Austrians. On the night of July 4th the French began to cross the Danube, and early in the morning of the fol lowing day their forces, 160,000 in number with nearly 600 guns. were drawn up on the left bank of the river. The Austrians numbered about 110,000 men. The battle began early with an assault by :\fassi.na on the Austrian right, which was driven front the villages of Aspen' and Essling. DaN-out's attempt, however•. to encircle the Austrian left failed, and the night closed with the advantage on the side of the Austrians, who had sustained by desperate lighting repeated charges against their right and centre by Ondi not, Bernadotte, and Beauharnais. The Archduke
Charles had dispatched orders to the forces under the Archduke John to advance front Pressburg and take the enemy in the rear, while the main army, confident of success, prepared to assume the offensive. John, however, could not arrive in time, and when the Austrians advanced to the attack on the morning of the pith they met deter nied resistance from the French. Toward noon Davout with excellent support succeeded in tlIrn ing the Austrian left, and, though the Austrian right and centre had held fast, the Archduke Charles was compelled to retreat. The Austrian loss is estimated at nearly 3.5,000 men killed and wounded, and the French loss was nearly 30.000. The battle of Wagram was followed by the treaty of SehUnbrunn (October 14th), in which Austria was forced to cede to the conqueror. See NA POLEON 1.