BosapanT•, LuctEN,. Prince of Canino, and brother of Napoleon, was born March 21, 1775, and received his education at the College of Autim, the military school at. Brienne. and the seminary at. Aix. Rising gradtmlly from one (drive to another, he was elected to the Commit of Five Hundred, spoke against the wasteful dis tribution of State property, and formed a party favorable to the views of his brother Napoleon. Shortly before the 18th Brumaire (1799), he was elect president of the Council of Five Hundred, and was the hero of that day. Afterwardsappoint ed Minister of the Interior, he was active in the encouragement of education, art, and science, and organized the prefectures. As ambassador to Madrid, ISOO, he contrived to gain the confidence of King Charles IV. and his favorite Godoy, thus putting aside the British influence which had until then been exercised at the Court of Spain. It is said that for his services in the treaty of peace concluded between Spain and Portugal, September 29, 1801, he received 5,000,000 francs. llis constant opposition to Napoleon's progress toward monarchy involved Lucien in several mis understandings with his brother; and their quar rel was brought to an issue by Lucien's second marriage against the wishes of Napoleon. The (Towns of Italy and Spain were offered to Lucien on condition that he would divorce his wife; but he refused them, and preferred living in retire ment at his estate of Canino, in the Province of Viterbo, near the frontier of Tuscany, where he avoted his time to art and science. Here he enjoyed the friendship of the Pope: who created him Prince of Canino; but having denounced in his private capacity the arrogant and cruel policy of his brother toward the Court of Rome, he was 'advised' to leave the city in which he was at that period residing. In 1810 he took ship for America, but fell into the hands of the English; was taken to England, and after a debate in Parliament was declared to be a prisoner, but treated with distinction. Upon his brother's downfall he returned to Rome. After the defeat of Waterloo Lucien maintained his presence of mind, advising his brother to dissolve the chambers and assume the place of absolute dictator. After the Res toration of Louis XVIII, Lucien lived for some time in and near Rome. In 1830 he went to England, visited Germany in 1838, and died at Viterbo, Jane 29, 1840. Lucien possessed con siderable talents and firmness of character. He was his early years an ardent republican, but the weakness of the Directory convinced him that a military consulship was necessary to allay the social anarchy of France. He consequently threw himself eagerly into the designs of his brother, lint protested against the establishment of a hereditary monarchy. As a writer he was by no means successful. His long and tedious epic poem, Charlemagne, an l'Eglise (h:lirrc'e, in 23 cantos, was written and published in London, and was dedicated to the Pope (1814). Another heroic poem, La on. to Corse sann'c,
followed in 1819. The t'in ()fres secrets r la rte prince pal if ique et lit Wra ire (le Lucien Bonaparte (2 vols., London, 1819), of which Alphonse de Beauchamp is supposed to be the author, is an untrustworthy book. Lucien was the father of a numerous family. In 1794 he married Christine Boyer, the daughter of a citizen of Saint Maximin. After her death he married, in 1802, the widow of a stock-broker, .Nladaine Jouberthon, who survived him. By his first marriage he had two daught,rs—Charbdte (1790-1865), who married Prince Cabrielli of Rome; and Christine (1798-1847), who married first a Swedish count named Posse, and then Lord Dudley-Stuart. By his second marriage Lucien had nine children. Charles Lucien .Jules Laurent (eldest son of Lucien), Prince of Canino and Musignano, was born in Paris in 1803. Ile never exhibited any inclination for political life, preferring the pursuits of literature and science. He resided in Philadelphia from 1822 to 1828, during which time he studied the birds of the United States and wrote many technical papers published by scientific societies. He published .tincrican Ornithology, or Ilistory of Birds In habiting the United States Not Giren by Wilson (Philadelphia, IS:21-33). which came to be known as "Wilson and Bonaparte's Ornithology," and formed the basis for numerous subsequent edi tions of Alexander Wilson's great work. After his return to Europe he wrote extensively on Ameriean birds in German. French. Italian. and English. Among his works is Iconogralia della fauna italica. The second son, Paul Marie, born in 180S. took a part in the Greek War of Libera tion, and died by the accidental discharge of a 'pistol, 1827. The third son, Louis Lucien (1813-91). distinguished himself by his studies in chemistry. mineralogy, and languages. Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte, the fourth son, born September 12, 1315, passed through many changes of fortune in America, Italy, and Bel gium. returning to France after the Revolution of 1543. In 1870 he shot a journalist, Victor Noir, for which lie was tried at Tours. and ac quitted of murder. but condemned to pay 25,000 francs to Noir's relatives. He died April S. I531. The youngest son, Antoine, born October 31, ISIG, fled to America after an affair with the Papal troops in IS36, and returned to France in 1543, where he was elected to the National Assembly, 1549, but retired from politics in 1851. Tie died in 1877. The eldest daughter, Letizia (1SO4-71), married, in 1824, Mr. (after wards Sir) T. Wyse, an Irish gentleman: hut a separation took place in a few years. The second daughter, .Jeanne (1507-28), distinguished by her beauty and taste for poetry, died soon after her marriage with the Marchese Honorati. The third daughter, Alexandrine Marie, born in ISIS, married, in 1S36, Count Vincenzo Valentini de Canino, and gave birth to two sons and one slaughter. Constanze, the youngest daughter of Lucien, was born in 1523, became a nun, and died in Rome in 1876.