BOUGAINVILLE, Louts ANTOINE me ( 1729 1811). A French soldier and navigator. born in Paris. Ile studied law. was admitted as an advocate before the Parlement. and published a Traite du ealeul intgral (2 vols., 1754-56). Having subsequently entered the army, he was in 1756 appointed aide-de-camp to the Marquis de Monte:dm in Canada. He presented the terms of capitulation at the fall of Oswego (1756). was dispatehed to Montreal with news of the victory at Fort William Henry (17581, and was slightly wounded at the capture of Ticonderoga (1758). In the autumn of 1758 he went with Doreil to France to request supplies and reinforcements. During the siege of Quebec (1759) he was stationed with 1500 troops at Cap Rouge, there to watch the movements of the English squadron under Admiral Holmes. With the rank of colonel he left the army in 1763, entered the navy. and was authorized by the Government to establish a French colony in the Falkland Islands (Iles Malouines). In 1766-69
he circumnavigated the globe. Through the scientific and geographical discoveries of this voyage he won for the nation a glory not unlike that obtained by Cook for England in a similar expedition. When, in 1778, France came to the assistance of the United States in the Revolution ary War, he was appointed to the command of a ship of the line. took a distinguished part in the battle between De Grasse and Admiral Rod ney. and rose to the rank of chef (Feseadre. He subsequently reentered the army as a brigadier general, but retired in 1790, and later became a Senator and Count of the Empire. The Journal kept by him during his service in Canada is highly praised by the historian Parkman; he also wrote Voyage autour du monde, 2 vols. (1771-72). Consult Parkman, Jfontcalm and Wolfe (Boston. 1884).