BROWN-SEQUARD, -sh'kiir', CnARLEs En- or:Alm (1815-94 1. A French-Ameriean neurolo gist and physiologist, born in .Nlauritius. His father, Edward Brown. was a native of Phila delphia: his mother was French, of the name of Srapiard. lie took the degree of M.D. in Paris, 1840. and afterwards of his America. investigating and lecturing. His contri butions to our knowledge of blood and animal heat, as well as of the spinal cord and the ner VOUS system. were of the highest importance. He was the first to demonstrate that the deeussation of the sensory conductors is in the cord itself, and he has the reputation of having created the physiology of the sensory tract of the spinal cord. From 1861 to 1.868 Dr. Brown-Silquard was professor of physiology and pathology of the nervous system in Harvard University. lie turning to France in 1869, he was appointed professor of experimental and comparative physi ology in Paris. Ile was founder and editor of
the Journal or hi Physiologic de 171oninic et des Animaux from 1558 to 1S63. He established Archives de la Physiologic ,Vornialr et Patho logiane in 1869. From 1573 to 1878 he practiced medicine in New York. and with Dr. E. C. Se guin published the .trehires of Sci'ntifir and Practical licelicine. In 1878 he succeeded Claude Bernard as professor of experimental medicine at the CoMge de France. Ile published Lec tures on the Diagnosis and Treatment of the Principal Forms of Paralysis of the Lower Ex tremities (1561). In 1889, at the age of 71. after a series of experiments upon himself, and unfortunately for his reputation, he advocated as a means of prolonging and invigorating human life the hypodermic injection of a tluid in which the testicles of sheep had been macerat ed—the 'Brown-Si:nu:1rd Elixir.'