BULLINGER, HETNRICII (1504 75). A Swiss reformer. Ile was born at lirem garten, in the Canton of Aargau, July IS, 1504. He was sent to the school of the Brothers of the Common Life at Emmerich when twelve years old, and there sang on the streets for his support as Luther did at Eisenach. In 1519 he went to Cologne to study at the famous Uni versity, and there he became acquainted with the writings of Luther, so that when he took his de gree in 1552 he was already a Protestant. He taught at the school attached to the Cistercian ..Nlona,tery at Cappel, near Zurich, from 1522 to 1529. and aided in the introduction of the Reformation into Cappel, which took place gradually in 1525-26. Ile made Zwingli's ac quaintance in 1523 and participated in the dispu tation with the Anabaptists at Zurich in 1525, and in the religious conference held at Bern in January. 152S, the result of which was the reformation of that canton. In June, 1528, he became evangelical pastor at Cappel. In 1529 he married Anna .Adlischwyler, formerly a nun, who bore him eleven children. In 1529 lie suc ceeded his father as pastor at Breniga rten. and by a powerful sermon which he preached there be induced his whole congregation to burn the images in the church and pass reform laws. But after the defeat at Cappel, October 11, 1531, his position became insecure. and on the night of November 20-21 he fled to Zurich, where, on December 9. he was appointed pastor of the principal church in succession to Zwingli. and did a great work in building up a vigorous or ganization in the canton. He was, indeed, the
second founder of the German Reformed Church. Ile also exerted great influence upon the Church of England through the Marian exiles I 1553-58) whom he sheltered and counseled. They dis played their gratitude in various ways, and in 1556 Convocation enjoined the reading of his sermons upon 'inferior ministers.' In the con troversy on the eucharist and the affairs of the Anabaptists, Bullinger distinguished himself by his integrity and moderation, and in his house in Zurich several German theologians, com pelled to leave their country, found a haven of refuge. He shared in the first (1536) and was sole author of the second Helvetic confession (1566). He died in Zurich, September 17, 1575. His writings are numerous, but uncollected and unreprinted. The most important is a History of the Reformation, in Swiss-German (first edited and printed, 3 vols.. Frauenfeld. 1838-401. Sev eral of his treatises have appeared in German, and especially fifty of his sermons, divided into five decades, hence commonly known as Bullinger's Decades I London, 1577), reprinted by the Parker Society, Cambridge, England (1S49-52). For his life, consult: Solomon Bess (Ziirich, 182S-29) ; Carl l'estalozzi (Elberfeld, 1858) ; also R. Chris toffel, //cinrich Ballinger end seine Gatlin (Zurich, 1775) ; G. 11. Zimmerman, Die Ziirich•• Kir•he end ih•• intistcs (Zurich, 1877).