BONAPARTE, JEROME, the youngest brother of Napoleon. was horn at Ajaecio, November 15, 1734. After receiving his education in the col lege of Juilly, he served as naval lieutenant in the expedition to Haiti. When war broke out between France and England in 1803, Jerome was cruising off the West Indies, lint lie was soon compelled to take refuge in the port of New York. lie married Elizabeth Patterson, daugh ter of a Baltimore merchant, December 27, 1503, after which lie remained in the United States more than two years. His marriage was declared null and by Napoleon. The wife was not allowed to set foot on French territory and was obliged to go to England. Jerome vainly pleaded with Napoleon. In the meanwhile lie had been permitted to reenter the naval service and was employed by Napoleon in the liberation of French and Genoese prisoners who had been eaptured by the Hoy of Algiers. In the war with Prus sia, he commanded. with General Vandamme, the Tenth Corps in Silesia, and WAS made King of Westphalia in 1807. lie lived in great splen dor at Cassel, the capital of the new king dom, caring very little for government, not even taking the pains to acquire the language of the country. At the time when he was in vested with the crown lie was forced to marry Catharine, the daughter of King Frederick 1. of Wurttemberg. After the war with Austria the finances of Westphalia, through misman agement, plunder. and extravagance, as well as war expenditure, were found in an ex hausted condition. The battle of Leipzig brought the reign of Jerome to a close. After the pewee of 1814 he left France, and resided first in Switzer land. then at Gratz, and in the beginning of 1815 at Triest.. He was made a peer when Napoleon returned from Elba, and fought by the side of the Emperor at Ligny and at Waterloo. After his brother's abdieation lie left Paris, June 27, and visited Switzerland and Austria. but ulti mately settled in Florence. His request to be allowed to return to France was rejected in 1847, by the Chamber of Peers, but was after wards granted. and at the outbreak of the Febru ary Revolution he was in Paris, where he was appointed Governor of the Invafides in 1848, and in 1850 was made a French marshal. lle died in 1860. After the battle of Waterloo the King of Wiirttemberg wished to annul the mar riage of his daughter Catharine, but she re solved to share through life the fortunes of her husband. Jerome left in America one son, Jerome Napoleon (1805-70). whose descendants reside in Baltiinore, and had three children by his second wife. Jerome, born August 24, 1814, died
May 12, 1847: INIathilde Letitia Wilhelmine, Princess of Montfort, who was born at Triest. May 27, 1820, married the Russian Count Anatol Demidoff, and lived with her husband at the Court of Napoleon II 1.; she died in 1904; Na poleon .Joseph Charles Paul ( Prince Napoleon), who was born at Triest, September 9, 1822, passed his youth in Italy; entered the military ser vice of Wiirttemberg, 18:37; afterwards trav eled in several countries of Europe, and was banished from France. 1845, on account of his intercourse with the Republican Party. lie returned to Paris with his father, 1S-17, and after February, 1848, was elected to the Na tional Assembly. Ile commanded an infantry division of reserve at the battles of the Alma and of Inkerman in the Crimean War. In 1859 he married the Princess Clotilde, daughter of Victor Emmanuel, by whom he had two sons and a daughter. When war with l'russia was declared in 1870, Prince Napoleon pro ceeded on a diplomatic mission to his father in-law, at Florence, but failed to obtain the cooperation of Italy with his cousin. After the fall of the Empire he took up his resi dence in England, hut returned to France in 1872. On time death of the Prime Imperial. son of the Emperor Louis Napoleon. in Zululand in 1879. the eldest son of Prince Napoleon became the heir of the Bonapartist hopes. When, in 1886. the chiefs of the Bourbon family were, by a vide of both chambers, expelled from France, Prince Napoleon and his eldest son were exiled also. lie died in 1891.
110»,»»:riArnv. Leynad ier, Ilistoirc do la (amine de Bonaparte (l'aris, I866) ; Clregorovius, Do? Bonaparte Pa I n ily (Eng. trans., Philadel phia, 1855) ; lie.re ( Paris, I 892) ; Du Ca tise, Le4 roil friTes do Napoleon I. (Paris, ISS3) ; id., Memoires et corrcspondanec du roi Joseph, 10 vols. (Paris. 1853-55) ; Lucien Bona parte, 316noires (London, 1836) ; Forchhammer, Dcnkrcde auf den Fiirsten ron Canino, Lucien Bonaparte (Kiel, 1840) ; Documents historiqucs et refle.rions sur le gourernement de la HoIlande par Louis Bonaparte (Paris. ISM) ; T,00sjes, Louis Bonaparte, de Koniny ran Holland sterdam, 18SS) ; .1/enioircs rt eurrespondance du roi Jerome et de la reins Catherine (Paris, 1561 64) ; Didier, Life and Letters of Madame Pat terson-Bonanarte (New York, 1879) Bingham, Marriages of the Bonapartes (London, 1S81) Williams and Lester. Thc Napoleonic Dynasty (New York. 1°,60).