BULL RUN, SECOND BArrLE OF. An impor tant battle of the Civil War, fought. August 29 and 30. 1S62. between a Confederate army of about 50,000, under General Lee, and a Fed eral army of about 70,000. under General Pope. While Pope. at the head of the Army of Vir ginia and a large part of the Army of the Po tomac, was facing Lee along the line of the Rap pahannoek, Jackson, by a forced march. at tained his rear through Thoroughfare C,ap, with a force of about 25.000, and destroyed (August 2(1) the Federal supplies and munitions of war at Manassas and Bristow stations. Pope then turned, and on August 28 faced Jaekson near Bull Run, but delayed his attack for a day, and at 10 A.M. on the 290, Lee and Longstreet, hav ing passed through Thoroughfare Gap almost unopposed, effected a junction with Jackson. At 3 P.M. Hooker, under Pope's orders, made the first serious attack on Jackson, but was driven back with considerable loss. Subsequently Kearny and also attacked, with some what more su•cess. Meanwhile Porter, on the Federal left, had held Longstreet in check, though Pope. who did not know of the Confed
erate reenforcement, had. expected him to attack ,Jackson in flank and rear. At the close of the day each side claimed a victory. This first day's lighting is sometimes called the battle of Grovet,m, from the small village which formed the centre of Jackson's position. At noon on the 31oh Pope ordered McDowell, Porter, and Ileintzelman "forward in pursuit of the enemy." Their attack was repulsed with great loss, and Longstreet, by a counter-attack. gradually forced the Federal army off the field. Pope, cross ing Bull Run, took up a position at Centreville during the night of the 30th, and on Septem ber 1st withdrew to the defenses about Washing ton, lighting the battle of Chantilly (q.v.) en route. The Federal loss, though never ac•u rately determined. was about 14.500, while that of the Confederates was about 9500. The battle closed Pope's campaign. by forcing his army hack upon Washington, and enabled Lee to take the aggressive and invade Maryland. (Sce