RULOW, TIANS vox (1S30-94). A German pianist and conductor, born in Dresden. He studied the pianoforte tinder Friedrich Wieek, and harmony and counterpoint under Eherwein and llauptinemn. In 1848 he entered the Cul ersity of Leipzig to study law, but the next year went to Berlin, and after hearing a performance of Lob enyri n, conducted by Liszt in Weimar in 18.111, he resolved to make music his profession, much to the disappointment of his father. Eduard von Billow. a of reputation. Ile placed himself under Wagner in Zurich: hut subsequent ly went to Weimar to study the pianoforte with Liszt. In 1853 and 1855 he made conc:rt tours in th-rmany and Austria with moderate success.. In 155-64 lie principal instructor of the pianoforte in the Conservatory of Berlin, where lie organized sympinmy and chamber concerts, and contributed ninsical art hdes to the press to advance the theories of Liszt and Wagner, and also edited the N000 far usik. In I864 he became director of the conservatory and conductor of the royal opera in .11unieh, where he e meted the first performances of Wagner's Tristan nod !snide and Die Meistersinger. In 1869 the relations of his wife (('osima Liszt, whom he had married in 1857) with Wagner compelled him to leave her. This personal wrong did not in any way affect his worship of Wagner the musician, although he never wanted to meet again Wagner the man. Ile settled in Florence, and until 1872 gave Clocerts to spread German mush. in Italy. Afterwards he went to London, and in 1875-76 visited the United States. Subsequently lie was conductor of various orelies tras in Germany. and again visited America in 1889 and 1890. He died in Cairo. Billow was
one of the greatest pianists of his century, and hig fame as a conductor was equally great. Ilis per formances were characterized by the complete sinking of his own personality in the genius of whatever master he was interpreting and by at tention to minutest details. His memory was extraordinary: lie played and conducted every thing without notes, although iris repertory in cluded all the important literature for the piano forte and orchestra- lie was, perhaps. the most erudite of musicians. and his scholarly attain ments extended beyond his profession. Von Billow was the greatest authority on Beethoven. and published a valuable edition of his pianoforte works. He also made pianoforte transcriptions from Wagner, Liszt. and Berlioz. His original compositions include: Music.. to Shakespeare's Julins.Orsor, op. 10: Des ,.4iingers Flush, bal lad for orchestra on Upland's poem, op. 16: and .Virirano. a isches Mint in u nrishild.' for. orchestra. op. 20. Ilis Letters (3 vols., were published by his widow, English transla tion by C. Bache (1st vol., 1897). Consult Pfeiffer, XI mlien bet Hans ron Hulot(' (Berlin, 1894).
BiJLOW, KARL EDUARD VON (1803-53). A author. Ile was horn at Berg vor Eilenlmrg, and was educated at the University of Leipzig. His literary fame rests chiefly upon his Not-O/c/do/ch. (1834-36), which contains 100 novels, based on older specimens in Italian, spanish, French, German, English. and Latin. This publication was followed by several others of a similar character.