CAIVI'ERA'RIUS, &mount (1500.74). A distinguished German classicist, born at Bam berg, April 12, 1500, of a family which original ly bore the name Lichhard; for this Ca merarius (Ger. Kammermeister) was substituted, since the office of chamberlain to the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg was hereditary in the family. At the age of thirteen, Camerarins entered the Universi ty of Leipzig,- where the influence of Georg Held, with whom he was on intimate terms, led him to devote himself to the classics. Ile eventually was second only to Melanehthon (q.v.) in arousing an interest in classical study in Germany. In 1518 he began to teach Greek at Erfurt, but in 1521 lie moved to Wittenberg, where he attached himself to Alelanehtlion. At the latter's recommendation, he was appointed to teach Greek and history in Nuremberg in 1526. Nine years later he was vatted to the University of Tfibingen as professor of the Greek and Latin literatures. In 1541 he went to Leip zig. where he continued to lecture until his death, April 17, 1574. He contributed to the eminence of this university, not only by his teaching and writing, but also by the practical measures of university reform which he, with sow elates, was able to carry through. Ile was espe cially distinguished for his critical judgment, in wilich he surpassed Alelanehthon, while his knowledge of the classics was not. inferior to that
of his friend, so that he deserves to he regarded as the greatest German classicist of his century.11is works were very numerous. Besides biographical and theological writings, the most important arc the following editions; Homeric Pocals, with the so-called scholia of Didynius (Basel, 1541); Greek Elegiac Poets (Basel, 1550); Theocritus (Frankfurt, 1545) : Sophock.s (Basel, 155G); Berodotus (Basel. 1540 and 1557) : Thucydides, with the scholia (Basel, 1540 and 1557) ; Theo phra us ( Basel. 1541). He was also co-editor of the edition of Galen, published by Cratander (Basel, et seq.). After Camerarius's death, a number of Greek works and Latin translations were published by his relatives. Among the Latin authors edited by him should be named Quintilian with Commentary: Cicero ( Basel. 1540) ; nrany separate works between 1542-1558; above all his edition of Plautus (Basel. 1552), for which he employed the so-called Codex Fetus Camerarii and the Codex Decurtatus, and thus for the first time secured a certain basis for the text. A full list of his works may be found in Piikel, Philologisehes Sehriftstellerlexikon (Leipzig, 1882). Consult Bursian, Geschichte der klassi n Philologic in Deutschland (Munich, 1883), pp. 185-90.