CAMBRIDGE, kilin'brij (('am bridge; Neo Cantabrigia). The county-town of Cam bridgeshire. England, situated on the Cain, about 57 miles north-northeast of London (,,Nlap: Eng land, (t 4). The town. as a whole, is less pic turesque than its rival, Oxford, and its main street, Trumpington, does not compare fa VOr ably with the famous High Street of oxford.. I In the other hand. many of its college build ings are. from an architectural standpoint. the equal of any which its sister university pos sesses; and the beautiful lawns and gardens: behind the colleges. traversed by the Cain, fa miliarly known as 'the liacks.' certainly equal in beauty the justly praised Christ Church :Meadow of Oxford. Apart from the colleges and the buildings immediately connected with them, Cambridge possesses few interesting features. The Churell of the Holy Sepulchre is worthy of note as being one of the four exiling round elturches in England. Cambridge is a Parliamen tary borough, and sends one member to the House of Commons. The city maintains a large public library and makes large grants to a num ber of schools. its water. gas. and electric-light plants are in the hands of private g.ompanies.
Its drainage and sewerage system has been re eently improved. Population, in I501, 37,000; in 1001, 35,100. Cambridge, probably on the site of the Camlwritum of the Roman,. takes its name front the river Cam, which was anciently, and is still in its upper read', called the tIranta. To the Saxons. Cambridge appears to have been known as Grantabr•dge. In sTo ra•. aged the country hereabouts, and are to have destroyed the town. William the Conqueror built a castle here, and the town received its first charter from Henry 1. in 1115. King John, in 1200. granted a cha•ter to the town, permitting it to have a guild of merchants, and in 1207 confirmed the burgesses in their privileges in perpetuity. See CavtninDGE, UNIVERSITY OE.
IlinmoGRAen Y. Atkinson. Cambridge Described am! Illustrai«1 (London, 1897) ; Ilumph•y. Cam bridge (Cambridge, 1850) ; (ambridge Township mud Borough (randwidge. 15(I5) ; Wood, "Cambridge in Early and Medbeval Times," in Bitiithr, Vol. LN X XI. tLondon, 11101).