CAPPADOCIA, kiip'pa-do'shi-fi (Gk. N.cmra chnda, Kappadolcia, OPers. Ka (patuka). In an cient geography, an extensive region in the east of Asia Minor. It was a Persian province: after the death of Alexander the (treat formed for about three centuries a kingdom under a Greek dynasty: and finally, in A.D. 17, became a Roman provinee. It was bounded by Lycaonin and south ern Galatia on the west, by Cilieia andCommagene on the south. by Armenia on the east, and by Gal atia and Pontus on the north. During the time that it belonged to the Persian Empire, however, Cappadocia included what was afterwards Pon tus, which was called Lesser Cappadocia. The northern part of Cappadocia (in the narrower sense) was traversed by the Ilalys (Kizil Irmak), near whose banks the Arga'us Mons (Arjish) tow ers to a height of over 13,000 feet. Among the towns were Mazaca (Ciesarea), Comana. Tyana, and Melitene. The population of ancient Cappa docia and Lyeia, represented now by the primitive mountain tribes called Taktadji, is of consider able anthropological interest, since sonic authori ties have connected them with the Hittites.
They seem to have been Aryans closely related to the Armenians, Although Brinton (1895) thought there was an element belonging to the peoples of the Caucasus revealed in their ancient inscriptions and local dialects. Sergi (1901) disputes the Hittite relationship on craniological grounds. The chief literature of the subject is to be found in Von Luschan and Petersen's Reisen in Lykicn (Vienna, 1889) ; Von Luschan's article on the "Tachtadschy." in the Archie fur Anthropologic for 1901; and Chantre's Recherches anthropologiques dans lAsie orridentale (Lyons, 1895). There is also an interesting article by .J. IV. Crowfoot on "Survivals Among the Kappadokian Kizilbash," in the Journal of the Anthropological Institute (London, 1900).