CARLOS, Dox. The name of several pre tenders to the Spanish crown. Don Carlos \larla Jost Isidoro de Bourbon, Count of Molina (1788 1855), was the second S1,11 of Charles IV. of Spa in. and was educated chiefly by priests. After the expulsion of toe French from Spain, his brother, Ferdinand VII., reaseended the throne 118141. but as Ferdinand had married thrive without issue, Don Carlos hoped to swiped his brother. An insurrection nl his int(Test broke out in 1825 in Catalonia, loft was put down, Don Carlos himself not participating in it. Ferdi nand, however, married for a fourth wife, laria bri•tina of Naples. who bore him a daughter, the Infanta 3Iaria to, Is30. salie law. excluding females from the succession to the throne, had been abrogated on Nlarch 29 of the same year. the hopes of the ('artists were destroyed. During the illness of the King, in t-eptcniber. IS:32, the Carlists succeeded in ob taining from him the re-institution of the Salie law: but thi- he revoked as soon a. he had par tially recovered. As Don Carlos still continued his agitation. he was banished. in Is33. to Portugal. and soon afterwards was eommanded to reside in the Papal states. But before Carlos had embarked for Italy. King Ferdinand VII. died. Septemlwr 29, 1S:33. Don Carlos was now recognized by his party as heir to the throne of :spain, and usurper Dom Miguel of Portugal supported his claim. In 1s:34 a quadruple treaty teas concluded between England, France. Spain, and Portugal. directed against. Dom Miguel and Don Carlos, which resulted in the dethronement .
of Dom Miguel. In dune. 1S:34. D ...'ar1os cut narked for England. In the following month be returned to the Continent. and passed in disguise through France into Spain. where lie excited an insurrecthm in the northern provinces. The con flict raged till IS:39, when the power of Don Car lo- was broken by the surrender of General Ma roto, and the pretender was compelled to escape into France. In IS:311 his claims to the throne were unanimously rejected liv the Cortes. In IS-15 he abdicated in favor of his eldest son. and
died at Triest, March 10, 1S55. Don Luis Fernando de Bourbon. Count of Mmnemolin ISIS-01), son of the preceding, succeeded to his claims. and was recognized by the Carlists as Charles VI. in ISO a Carlist insurrection was once more attempted, in which he %vas made a prisoner. and released only after signing a re nunciation of his claims to the Spanish throne. —Don Maria de Ins Dolores Juan lsidoro Josef Francesco Quirino Antonio Miguel t;abriel Rafael Carlos, Duke of Madrid. was born March 311, 1S4s. He is the nephew of the preceding, and the present Carlist elaimant of the throne of Spain. As Charles Vl. died without issue, his rights devolved upon his brother Don Juan, who had married the Archduchess .Nlaria Beatrix of Austria, Princess of Modena. Their Carlos Maria de los Dolores .luau Isidoro .10,4• Fran cesco. Was educated p•incipally in Austria. and married Margaret de Bourbon, Princess of Par nut. and sister of the Comte de Chambord. In October. 1SGS, Don Juan abdicated in favor of his son, whose standard was raised by some of hi. partisans in the north of Spain in April, ls7•. M the 11;th of duly following, Don Carlos published a prod:lin:Atha) calling upon the people of Catalonia. Aragon. and Valencia to take up arms in his cause, promising to restore their :in dent liberties, and in December his brother, Don Alfonso, assumed command of the Carlist forces in Catalonia. Don Carlos himself entered Spain, July 15, 1873, announeing that he came for the of saving the eountry. Tlomeeforward there was incessant war in the northern part of the country, but for the most part the struggle was unfavorable to the Carlists. and in February, Is76, when their last stronghold. Estella. had lallen. Don Carlos fled into France. Ile went to Paris. where, March 3, 1S76. he issued a proe.
Initiation giving up the struggle but refusing to relinquish his claim-. Ile was expelled from France. in 1SSI. for ostentatiously supporting the claim of the Comte de Chambord to the French throne. Don Carlos has five children. four daugh ters and a son.