CAVENDISH, Wii.t.tAm, Duke of Newcastle (1592-16761. An English statesman and author. He was the son of Sir Charles Cavendish, young er brother of the first Earl of Devonshire, and was educated at Saint Jobn's College. Cam bridge. llis aconnplishments and bearing gaMed him the favor of James I., who. in 1610, made him a Knight of the Bath, and in 1620 raised him to the peerage as Viscount Mansfield. In 1625 lie was created Earl of Newcastle by Charles I., and, on the royal visit to Scotland, enter tained the monareh with two banquets of his torical repute. at a cost of 1:20.000. In 1635 the King intrusted him with the tuition of his son, afterwards Charles II. He munificently sup ported the King during the Civil War, and raised a troop of •00 knights, who served at their own cost. As general of the northern forces he had the power to issue declarations, confer knighthood, coin money, and raise men. After
the battle of Marston Moor, Cavendish retired to the Continent, where he resided in poverty until the Restoration. On his return he was created Duke of Newcastle. He wrote poems, plays, and veterinary works. La no'thode et invention non m 11c de dresser s elwra ox (Antwerp, 1657) was written in English, translated by a Walloon, and published in French: afterwards it was am plified as A New and Extraordinary In ntion to Dress Horses and Work Them Accord iny to at ore, rte, (London, 1667). Ile was a skillful horse-trainer. and made an accomplished horseman of his pupil, Charles 11. Ile died De cember 25, 1676. Consult Life of the Duke of Newcastle, by his second wife. Margaret Lucas ( London. 1667; new edition by C. II. Firth, London, This work is ridiculed by Pepys in his Diary, larch iti. Ice.;.