The population of the island is estimated at 2.000,000, including about :MOO The loathe inhabitants are of various origins mid characteristics. their ancestor, having emigrated Iron] other islands. The most noteworth? pro ples are the 31inabasans in the north. the Maczis tsars (profit rly Maitokasars) and Bugis in the south. while in the interior and toward the north the so-called '_linen.' really only a more primitive or prom-Malayan type, with. perhaps. some negroid strain). The Macas sars are the most highly developed of these peo ple, being of Malay origin, well built and muscu lar. \rill] good and bright eyes. brave. ambitious. temperate, industrious. and skillful bunters. lint given at time, to revenge. to galn and to (4)4.k-fighting. They make good sol dier,. but. despite all the Dutch have done to prevent it. the habit of running amuck is com mon. Their religion is :tfohammedanisin, much degraded by local superstitions and beast-wor ship, and the abject fear of a local deity. Many arc skillful craftsmen and excel in native manu factures, especially rich personal adornments. They have a literature, ehietly romance and drama. besides works of religion and law, trans lated from the Arabic and originally brought to them by the missionaries of Islam. In Menado
thirty-six tribes were confederated. under Dutch direction. against an aggressive and it among these people, especially the 1Iinahasans, that Dutch ciciiizatiou has accomplished valu able results. The Wadjus are an tribe and active in trade. By language. all be long (some more or less remotely) to the 3.1a layan stock. The ...Javanese appear to have exert ed a little influence upon the southern por tions of Celebes, and certain Hindu traces are also due to them as intermediaries. The women of Celebe, are celebrated for the fine hark-cloth made by them. Celebes has furnished many set tler- for other regions of the -\rchipelago. the Bug is. in pa rt icular. being great travelers and colonizers. merchants, and seamen. The island was first disowered and named by the Portu guese in 1512. lint from about the Dutch the supremacy. though it was not until well into the Nineteenth Century that every district was under their 'onsult : L'ile dr 'rkbrs (Paris, sTll i : Wallace. The Malay I rchipelayo (Lon don. : van der Lith, V,dertam/sch Oosl Thti ie. Vol. I.: Hickson, _t Naturalist in North 'd. bes I Loudon. 1.-4so) Staden der Brink. Zit id 't recht 1`t(41,