The number of Federal soldiers in the field during the war was 2.601999. the number draft ed and held to service being 43,347; furnished suhstitutes. 73.607; paid commutation, Sli.724; total drafted. 206,67S. to whiell should be added $7.5`..s credited to the States under the draft of 1S62; making in all drafted, 294,200. The amount of commutation moneys reveived by the Government was $26,366,310.78; the amount of bounties paid by the United States Govern ment was S300.223.500; by State and local au thorities, $2'+5.941.03(1. The casualties in the Federal Army numbered 359.52S: 110,071) men were killed in action or died of wounds; and 249, 45S men died from disease, accident, or other causes. The entire available force capable of ac tive service in the field, enrolled in the Confed erate armies, was about 500.000 men. Their entire loss in killed and wounded during the war was about 95.000 men; that from disease, accident, and other causes is unknown. During the war Confederate cruisers, fitted out mostly in British ports, scoured the ocean, doing irreparable dam age to the commerce of the United States. (See A LAM \FA CLAIMs.) After the evacuation of Richmond, Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederacy, fled south, and was captured May 10. ISt15. at Irwinville, Ga.. by General Wil son's forces, as he was attempting to make his escape farther south. In company with cer tain others of the prominent leaders of the Confederacy, he was imprisoned for a time, but was not eventually punished. See NULLIFI CATION: RECONSTRUCTION; UNITED STATES; LIN COLN: GRANT.
DIBLIoGRAFITY. Two brief general works are: A Short History of the War of Secession, by Johnson (Boston, 1SS(1). and T. A. Dodge, Bird's-Eye View of Our riril War (Boston, IsS3). A more detailed work is the History of the American Civil War, by Draper (3 vols.. New York. IS67-70). An important though un finished military history is that by .T. C. Ropes, story of the Civil War (2 vols., New York, 1•399). A series of valuable monographs on various campaigns of the war is Seribner's Campaigns of the Civil War (New York, 18:311; and a noteworthy collection of essays, largely by participants in the events described. is The
Barth s and Leaders of the Civil War, edited by Johnson and Bud (4 vols.. New York. DIST). The original material bearing on the war has been published by the United States War Depart ment. in an extensive series. begun in NS() and completed in 1901, entitled War of the Rebellion: Compilation of Official Records Of the Union and confedtrate .t emirs ( Washing) on . Numerous volumes of military memoirs have been written by officers of the two armies; and some of them, notably Grant's Memoirs, are of great value. There is also a History of the Civil War, by the Comte de Paris (4 vols.. Philadelphia, 1s75.ss), For particular phases of the eontliet, consult: Bigelow. France and the Confederate Nary (New York. PISS) : J. D. Bulloeh, Secret Serrice of the Confederate States (London, 1SS3) ; and J.
Fiske, The Mississippi Palmy in the Civil War (Boston, 1900), ith refertaiee more partieu lathy to the political aspects of the war, con sult: Jefferson Davis, Rise and Fall of the Con federate Got-or/intent (2 vols., New York. 15811 ; Giddings. History of the Rebellion (New York, lsff4) ; 4;reele, The American Conflict (2 vols.. Ila•tford, 1s61.1i61 ; Logan, 7'he Great con spi•acy ( New York, 1880) ; Pollard, The Lost Cause (New York, ISfiSi and vol. i. of 13laine. Twenty Fears in Congress (2 vols., Norwich. 1SS4-93). See, also: Aloo•e, Whet/ion Record (11 vols., New York. Ist11-71) ; and McPherson. Political History of the ilreat Rebellion (Wash ington, 1864). Recent works of value are; The Civil War and the Constitution, by IturgeA: (2 vols., New York, 1901) ; vol. vi. of Sehouler, History of the United States Under the Consti tution (New York, 1899); and Rhodes. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1851) (4 vols.. New York, 1893-IS:Mi.