MANUFACTURES. The great abundance of natu ral resources in Canada, including raw manu facturing material, affords a good basis for the upbuilding of the manufacturing industry. Addi tional advantages come from the abundance of fuel, particularly in Nova Scotia, where coal is plentiful, and from the widespread facilities for procuring water and electrical power afforded by the numerous rapids and falls characteristic of Canadian rivers. The thriving condition of l'ana dian industry is indicated by its trade statistics, which show that the value of the exports of manufactured articles, exclusive of lumber prod ucts, increased from sr,5.741,000 in 1890, to $14, 224001) in 1900. Of the res,mrces upon which Canadian manufactures depend, the most impor tant are her forests. (See LUMBER I N DU STRY. ) In former days these furnished the material for extensive shipbuilding. but with the decreased use of wooden vessels this has become unimpor tant. There has, however. been a continuous growth in the manufacture of furniture, doors, sashes, and other wooden articles. As indicated by the export figures, the value of manufactures of wood was a tell from $S'70,000 in 1890 to $3.127.0o0 in 1900. The greatest increase was
contributed by wood-pulp, the value of whose exports increased from 4+168,04M in 1S90 to 1900. This is the product of the spruce forests, for which paper-making insures a lasting and growing demand. The abundance of hemlock is also of great importance, in view of the growing demand for it in the tanning trade. Leather is another article of growing importance. Boot and shoe manufacturing is earried on at Montreal and Quebec, a large part of the labor being done by Freuch Canadian girl's. Cottons are manufactured in Quebec and woolens in Ontario. The manufacture of iron and steel products is another rapidly des-eloping branch of industry. most promising in Nova Scotia, because iron ore. coal. and limestone are there found in (dose proximity. The value of the exports in (Teased from 8294,000 in 1890 to $1,535,000 in 1900. At Winnipeg, Toronto. and a few other plaints, pork-packing is carried on.