The degree of 11..1. may be conferred. after the required examinations have been passed, at the end of nine terms or three years of residence. The degree of is attainable four years later, not in course, hut in consideration of the pursuit of literary or scientific work. The university confers also degrees in law. theology, medicine, music, and an advanced degree in science, all of these latter being dependent on the possession of the bachelor's degree. Certain honorary degrees are also conferred, notably that of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.).
There are no exact equivalents at either of the English universities for the course of study com mon in the United States. The system of educa tion is based upon, and conditioned by, the ex aminations which a candidate for the degree of B.A. must take. These are three in number. The following, from the 190001 regulations, will give the best general idea of the system. The 'previous' examination consists of two parts, one of the Gospels (Greek), one Latin classic, one Greek classic, one translation of English into Latin, and a paper on Latin and Greek accidence and syntax, forming the first part. The secoml consists of Paley's Evidences, geometry, arithme tic, elementary algebra, and an English essay. andidates for honors must take the additional subjects of mechanics. French, and t-lernian. The second or 'general' examination consists of two parts, the first including one Greek classic, one Latin classic, algebra, elementary statics. a translation of English into Latin prose; the second. the Acts of the Apostles (Greek), sonic portion of English history, an English essay on a subject connected with the history offered, ele mentary hydrostatics, and some play of Shake speare or a portion of Milton's works. The spe cial or final examination may be taken in any one of the following subjects: theology, logic, political economy. law, history, chemistry, physics, geol botany, zoo logy, physiology, mechanic•s, and applied music. modern languages, mathe matics, or classics. For those men who are can didates for honors, special examinations, called triposes, are provided in mathematics, classics, moral sciences, natural sciences, law, history. theology. Oriental languages, medieval and mod ern languages, and mechanical sciences. The successful candidates in the triposes are ar ranged in three classes, according to their stand ing, and have their names printed in the Calen dar. In all save the mathematical tripos, these divisions are called simply first, second, and third class. The honor men in mathematics,
however. are known as wranglers, senior optimes, and junior optimes, and the head of the first list, the best man of the year. is known as the senior wrangler.
are admitted to the examinations, and have their names appear in the Calendar, next to the tripos lists, with their rank attached. but are not allowed degrees.
For further infornmtion on the university there are a number of hooks available. The His tory of the University of Cambridge. by J. Bass Mullinger, in two volumes (Cambridge, 1873-84), covers. so far. only the period to 1625, but is the best as well as the fullest account up to that time. There is an excellent, though briefer, ac count of the university and college:, before 1500. in H. Eashdall, Unircesities of Europe in the. Middle Ages (Oxford, 1895). Official informa tion may be obtained from the Cambridge Uni versity Calendar, and from the announcements of lectures and such publications as are issued from time to time. ...Nlu•h incidental information may be obtained from Sir G. M. Humphrey's Guide to coin bridgr.
See, also, the articles in the present work on UNIVERSITY : EDUCATION ; NATIONAL. EDUCATION, and on the various colleges under their names.
The colleges in the order of their foundation, with dates and founders, are as follows: Peterhouse, or Saint Peter's College, 1284, by Hugh of Balsham. Clare, 1326, by Elizabeth, Countess of Clare. Pembroke, 1347, by Mary de Saint Paul. Countess of Pembroke. Gonville and ('aius, 1348, by Edmund Gonville; refounded by illiam Bateman, 1353• and later by John Caius, 1558. Trinity Hall, 1350. by William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich. Corpus Christi, 1352, by Guilds of Corpus Christi and Virgin Mary. King's, 1441, by henry VI. Queen's, 1448, by Margaret of Anjou; refounded. 1105. by Eliza beth Woodville. Saint Catharine's, 1473. by 'Hobert Wodelarke. Jesus, 1496, by John Adcock, Bishop of Ely. Christ's, 1505. by Margaret of Iliehmond and Derby. Saint John the Evange list, 1511, by Alargaret of Iiichniond and Derby. Magdalene, 1519, by Thomas, Baron Audley of 11 alden. Trinity, 1516, by Henry V111. Em manuel, 1584, by Sir Walter Mildmay. Sidney Sussex, 1596, by Lady Frances Sidney, 1), 'wager of Sussex. 1800, by Sir George Downing.
Public Hos ris.—CaVendish College, extinct, Selwyn College, 1882, by subscription. Ayerst 11811, extinct, 1884-96.