CLEVELAND. The county-seat of Cuyahoga, County, Ohio, the largest city of the State, and the seventh in the United States, and an impor tant industrial and commercial centre, situated on the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, in latitude 410 30' 5" N., longitude 810 42' 6" \V. (Map: Ohio, G 2). It is LIS miles northeast. of Columbus, and 244 miles northeast of Cincinnati; 357 miles east of Chicago, 623 miles west by north of New York, and 527 miles northwest of Washington.
The city, 689 feet above sea-level, and, at its highest point, 302 feet above the lake, is beauti fully situated on elevated land, which slopes gently toward the lake, and occupies an area of over 34 square miles, with a lake-frontage of 10 miles, and extending back more than half that distance. It is divided unevenly by the Cuya hoga River, the larger portion lying on the east side of that stream, and it is intersected also by Kingsbury and \Valworth 'runs,' the east and west tributaries of the Cuyahoga. The land bor dering the river is low and flat, and here lie many of the industrial works—lumber and coal yards, ore-docks, ete.—almost hidden from view. Owing to the variation in level of different parts of the city, there are several elevated viaducts and many bridges (a number of which are owned by the municipality) spanning the Cuyahoga, and uniting the sections of the city. The most remarkable of these is Superior Street Viaduct of stone and iron, completed in 1878, at a cost of $2,250,000, 3211 feet long, with a central draw bridge 68 feet. above the water-level. The Cen tral Viaduct, completed in 1888, crosses the river and is 2838 feet long. The Abbey Street Viaduct, crossing Walwo•th Run, is 1092 feet long. A smaller one 1835 feet) spans Kingsbury Run.
Cleveland has features of beauty in its broad streets, ranging from 40 to 132 feet in width, which are so abundantly shaded with maples and elms that the city has acquired the name of the 'Forest City.' Fhere are about 573 miles
of streets, 252 miles of which are paved, brick and asphalt being extensively used. The public park system includes about 1440 acres, distrib uted in areas of varying extent throughout the city, and its suburban districts to the east and west are thoroughly accessible by the street rail ways, which operate about 220 miles of track. In contrast with its extensive industrial and commercial interests, Cleveland has very few large tenements, with congested population; even apartment houses are a recent development. Detached houses with gardens are the rule.
The lake-shore front, the valley of the C'uya hoga and the area along the Cleveland and Pitts burg Railroad from Wason Street southeast to the city limits are centres of the manufacturing industry, while the business area extends front the lower part of the river east along Superior Street, which is 132 feet wide, and along Euclid Avenue to Erie Street. The Public Square, or Monumental Park, containing the statue of Gen. Moses Cleavelaml and the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, forms a park of 4X acres about the intersection of Superior and Ontario Streets; from this centre and from Ontario Street, extends north and south, the principal streets of the east side of the city diverge. The far famed Euclid Avenue, 83 to 90 feet wide, begins at the southeast corner of the Public Square and extends beyond Lake View Cemetery, through the suburb of East Cleveland, the continuation beyond there being Euclid Road. From 'Monu mental Park to some distance east of Erie Street this Avenue is one of the main business thor oughfares, but for the remainder of its length is built up with handsome private residences. sur rounded by tasteful and well-shaded grounds. Other fine residence streets are Willson, Case, East Madison, Amesbury, Ingleside, Bolton, Lake, Jennings, and Franklin avenues, Pros pect, East Prospect, and Detroit *streets, and Overlook Road, the first two being 99 feet wide.