EDUCATION, COMMERCIAL. Recent experi ence and discussion are giving to commercial edu cation a meaning as exact as are the terms `classiear and 'technical' when applied to schemes of instruction. Confusion has arisen in dealing with this subject from the failure to distinguish between two different but perfectly legitimate senses in which the words are used. Commercial edneation may mean general education along modern lines. with a minimum of technical in struotion, and, at the most. fairly preparing stuolents for an intelligent apprenticeship in business pursuits. In this sense eommercial schools are to the business world what manual training schools are to the industrial world. Public emtimercial higlu schools. as they are being established in the Cniteol States, are in the main of this kind. Snell training conforms to the European use of the term in that they give "a general education of such a nature as shall best lit youths for commercial pursuits." In another sense, commercial education is applied to the training given in technical schools corre sponding to trade schools or schools of technol ogy. Such institutions give a maximum of tech
nical instruction; they are made familiar by the American business college, but are further repre sented by higher schools and universities of coin . pierce in both this (auntry and Europe. The latter schools build at least on the general edu cation of the secondary school. Higher commer cial education has probably been best defined by the authorities of the London School of Econom ics: it is that "which stands in the same relation to the life and calling of the manufacturer, the merchant, and other men of business as the medical schools of the universities to that of the physician—a system, that is. which provides a scientific training in the structure and organiza tion of modern industry and commerce, and the general causes and criteria of prosperity."