To find the day of the week for any date, past or future, there are several methods. but the simplest and most easily understood is as fol lows: First, there is a 'constant' for the style —for new style it is G. for old style 4. (In Eng lish chronology, new style begins 1752, Septem ber 15.) Then there is a 'constant' for each month—in new style, for January, 1 : for Febru ary• 4: for Mareh, 4; for April, 0; for May, 2: for June, 5; for July. 0; for August. 3: for September, 6; for October 1: for November, 4: for December, 6. (in leap years the constants for January and February are one less: that is, for .Ianuary, 0: for FArua•y, 3.) Now (for new style). multiply the Dumber representing the century by 5. and add one-fourth to the product (omitting., fractions). For instance: In ISSO the century number is IS. which, multi plied by 5, makes 90, and one-fourth of IS (omitting fractions) is 4: hence the produet is Wt. Next add the number of the odd years (be sides the century munber), and add one-fourth (omitting fractions) to their total. Next add the days of the month. Then add all these figures together, and linally divide the sum by 7: the re mainder will show the day of the week, re mainder of 1 showing the first I lay of the week, or Sunday: remainder of 2 showing the second day of the week, or 'Monday, etc.; no remainder showing the seventh day of the week, or Satur day. Example: What is the day of the week for January 1. 1901: Divide 108 by 7 and the remainder is 3; so the year 1901 must hegira on the third day of the week, or Tuesday.
For Old style the constant is 4 and the number d the century is multiplied by 6. without addi tion of the one-fourth. The constants for months are the sane as in New Style, and one-fourth (omitting fractions) is added to the odd year. Example for Old Style: on what day of the week did Columbus land on his voyage of discovery (October 12, 1492) ? Divide by 7 and the remainder is 6—i.e. the re quired day is the sixth day of the week, or Friday.
For leap-years. care must be taken in both Old and New Style to reduce the constants for January and February by one for each of those two months. See CALENDAR.
DAY. In law, the period of time between nlidnight and midnight within which a specified legal act may be performed. This entire period of twenty-four hours is the 'natural' day. The 'artificial' or conventional day (dies artilicialis . or the 'legal' day, as it is sometimes called. varies according to the nature of the net to be performed. Coke. referring to the day of the appearance of parties in a suit, described it as extending from sunrise to sunset. For many purposes the legal day is limited to the usual business hours (q.v.), as of a bank or other business house. and its length is often deter mined by the hours observed by the community, or artificially determined by the usage of a par dental. calling. Thus the day of the stock ex change means the hours (say from 10 A.m. to 3 p.m.) within which deliveries of stook and set tlements must be made, in order to avoid for feiture or other penalty. For most purposes. however, the legal day is coextensive with the natural day.
'Court days' are those days of the year in which courts may lawfully sit and process issue. though in some parts of the United States the expression is used to describe the days on which the courts actually sit. in England and the Cnited States, Sundays and certain holidays are generally not court days (dies non juridi•il. excepting for such acts as are necessary to the preservation of the peace. lly a legal fiction. a lay is for many purposes regarded as a. point of time. and a fraction of a day disregarded. See DIES NON: TIME. STANDARD.
op GRACE. The time at which a not.. is actually door, or at maturity. is in general three.
days after the time expressed on the of it. The three additional days which are generally al lowed by the custom of merchants arc called days of grace. if the third day of grace fall on a Sunday. the note is payable the day before. If it fall on a holiday, the note is payable the day after.