DUBLIN. UNivrnsov or. The chief, and for many ;tears the only institution for higher edit eat ion in Ireland. The first university of Dublin was e-taldished in connection with faint Patrick's Cathedral in 13•0, hut, lacking an vil dOWIIIPIO !lover successful, :111.1 prokillly :II tIn of the cathedral foun dation by Henry VID. The present finindation, better known as Trinity College, is unique in hav ing the organization and function, of both a col kge and a In 1501 Queen issued charter llIcOITOl'atillg ;I college. al, 111,.• mother of :di 1111kursity: with the title of 111• ( >liege of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, near Dublin.' 11 was expected that other college, mould be formed about this lunch us, and that a university after the English model would gradu ally arise in the Irish capital. This expectation was, however, disappointed, and though the in stitution has flourished, it has not been in the may expected. •I•he new foundation received lit tie hut its charter from the Queen: the corpora tion of Dublin gave to it the ground, and ruins of the suppressed monastery of .111 Hallows, and a building fund was raised by subscription among the Irish gentry. The first chancellor NV:IS'. \Vint:1111 Cecil, Lord Burghley, Elizabeth's great minister. who was also chancellor of •lini dridge. The first live provosts were Cambridge men. and by this crameetion the influence of the English university on the Irish foundation was very strong. The exclusive royal patronage and control by the English Crown promised much, but under Elizabeth the college was but poorly supported and led a precarious existence. -lames I. supplied an endowment of some /.4110 a year as a pension, together with certain estates in Ulster, which insured its future. In 1601 the English troops defeated the Spanish at Kinsale, and in commemoration of their victory sub scribed £1800 from the arrears of their pay to establish a library for the college. The two trustees of this fund were Dr. Challoner and :qr., later .Archbi:shop, •sslier. Subsequently the collection of Us-her was, with some difficulty, purchased by the officers and soldiers of the army of the Commonwealth of Ireland, and from these two unusual contributions the foun dation of the present collection was laid. The
original constitution of the university. mean while, haying been found defective, new statutes were framed and issued under the direction of Archbishop Laud in le):37. considerable part of these are -till in force. Under the present system, the administration rests in the of a board consisting of the provost and senior fellows, in connection with the visitors, a council (since 1S74 and the senate. The provost is appointed by the Crown and i- the chief officer of the college. The board consist. of the pro vost and senior fellows of the college. :ind en rnic: on ordinary college business. The conned eon si-ts of the provost, for members the senate chosen by the senior fellows, four by the junior fellows, four by the not tritons, and four by the senate at large. The council en operate: with the board in regulating the stud ies and the appointment of professor-. The of the chancellor, vice•clianeellor, and all masters and doctors of the university whose name: are on it-. books. The fellow. ?re of Iwo grades, senior and junior. The senior fellows comprise the chief officer- of the college: the junior fellow:: form the bulk of the tutorial force of the college. Fellows, chosen primarily by examination. are promoted by seniority. There is a considerable body of profess4ws, some forty in all. besides lecturers. and •Oille instructors, There are seventy scholarships, be sides many prizes. A, al Cambridge. the old distinctions anion"' still exist. 'There are five classes of students: noblemen, son.. of noblemen, and baronets; fellow-com moners; scholars; pensioners, or ordinary stu dents in arts: and siza•s, or poor students. as sisted by the college. (if this last division there are some thirty. who. like scholars and prize men, obtain their positions by competitive ex amination.