DUSSELDORF SCHOOL OF PAINTING. One of the ino,t important, if not the most im portant, German school of the nineteenth een tury. It was the outgrowth of the Academy of Art, founded at Diisseldorf by the Eleetor Pala tine Karl Theodor in 1767. but did not at tain importance until Diisseldorf became part of Prussia. The academy was reorganized by Frederick William ITT., who made Cornelius di rector. The latter did not hold his post long enough to impress his upon the school, which represents rather the tendencies of iSchadow, under WI10111 it came iitto great promi nence. While the school of Munich, under Cor nelius, was a school of draw ing, interested chiefly in frescoes, that of Diisseldort was a real school of painting, which worked chiefly on panels, and paid some attention to color. It was technically superior to all the other German schools. More than any other school it represented the Ro mantic tendencies in Germany. In secluded Diisseldort time artists lived apart from the world entirely in the past, and transformed into paint ing the versos of Goethe, Shakesiicare, and the rest. Their works. on the whole, bear unfavorable comparison with those of the French Romantic school, both from the standpoint of feeling and from that: of technique. The school suffered
much from dissensions between Catholics and Protestants, the former strictly re ligious subjects, while the latter took a more liberal view. Among the most famous repre sentatives of the school were Lessing, Sohu, Bethel, The Aehenbachs, and Kraus (qq.v.). It has hail a great influence upon art in America, such men as Eastman •ohnson. Leutze, and Bierstadt having done much to introduce its methods and style. The fine collection of old masters formerly possessed by the Diisseldorf Academy was transferred to 'Munich in 1805, but some 14,000 drawings and 24,000 engravings id the great masters still remain. Consult the works entitled; Die DUsscldorfer ilalcrschule, by Fahne (Diisseldorf, 1837) ; Piittmann ( Leipzig, I839); and Rosenberg (Leipzig, 18S6) ; the monographs on Die Diisseldorfer Kunstakademic, by Wiegmann (Diisseldorf, 1854) and Woer mann (ib., 18801 : and Schadow, Dcr moderne Vasari (Berlin, 1854).