EI'LEITHY'IA (Lat., from Gk. EiXeitivia ), or EILEI'THYAS'POLIS. The Greek name of the ancient Egyptian city of Nekheb (the modern El-Kai)), situated on the right hank of the Nile, a little below Edfu. From very ancient times it was one of the most important cities of Egypt. and was strongly fortified. Its ancient walls still exist in an excellent state of preservation. In Ptolemaic times the city was the capital of the Third Nome of Upper Egypt. The princes of Nekheb played a very important part polit ically, and many of them were governors of Nubia. The local deity. Nekhbet, was the tute lary goddess of Upper Egypt and the speeial patroness of the King. She was supposed to pre side over birth, and was therefore identified by the Greeks with Eileithyia (whence the Greek name of the city) and by the Romans with Lu c ina. is represented as a vulture with outspri ad wings, as a woman wearing the crown of Upper Egypt, orits a winged urams serpent. Near the remains of the ancient city are the ruins of a temple built under IZameses II. by Setaw, Governor of Nubia; of another built by Amenophis III. and dedicated to the local god dess: and of a third temple built in late Viol-. emaie times and likewise dedicated to Nekhbet. All three temples are richly decorated, and con tain numerous inscriptions. The most important
remains at El-Kali are. however, the rock-hewn tombs. Among them are the tomb of the admiral Anilines who took part in the expulsion of the llyksos (q.v.) from Egypt: that of his namesake and younger contemporary, the general Aahmes (Pen-nceheb) : and that of the nomarch Papyri, tutor to Prince Names, son of King Amenophis 1. The two former tombs especially contain inscrip tions of the highest value. Consult: .Modern Egypt, ii. ( London, 1843); ChampoIlion, .\otices (kseriptires (Paris, 1844) ; B•ugsch. Reisrberiehte ens .tcyypten (Leipzig, 1S:13): Tylor and Griffith, "The Tomb of Paheri at El-Nab," Egyptian Exploration lend Me moirs, vol. xi. ( London, 1S94).
ElLENHURG, illen-briartc (anciently called //bu•g). A town of the Prussian Province of Saxony, situated mainly on an island in the river Alulde. about 15 miles northeast of Leipzig (Map: Germany, E 3). It is a busy industrial town, and has manufactures of calico, woolen yarn, tobacco. ehemica Is, celluloid, beer, and agri cultural implements. Franz Alit, the song-writer, was born here. Population. in 1890, 12,447; in 1900, 15,147.