ELBERFELD SYSTEM. The manufactur ing town of Elberfeld, Prussia, has become famous for its plan of relieving the poor. The reform began in I Soo. wiwn, with existing conditions, the city appointed six vis to investigate applications for relief. The visitors were increased to twelve the following year. In 1802 there was a great increase. The city was divided into eight districts and these districts into four sections. and a board of super visors chosen. The system was further extended in 1841. In 1850, dissatisfaction having arisen in several quarters, the Lutheran Church at tempted to do the work. were not im proved. In 1852 the present plan was proposed by a hanker. Daniel von lfeydt. and was put in operation. The city was divided into 364 pre cincts, and over each was placed an unsalaried almoner whose duty was to investigate each applicant for aid and to make visits every two weeks as long as aid was given. Fourteen pre cincts form a district. The almoners meet every
two weeks under direction of an overseer to discuss the cases and to vote needed relief. These proceedings are reported to the directors, comprising the :Mayor as ex-officio chairman, four councilmen, and four citizens (also unpaid), who meet the day following and review and supervise the work throughout the city. In emergency cases the almoner may furnish assist ance. Belief is granted in money according to a fixed schedule for two weeks at a time, any earn ings the family may have being deducted. Tools are furnished when advisable. The system has given great satisfaction; the expenses in propor tion to the population have gradually decreased, and the condition of the pusir is said to have impnived. Seventeen persons out of WOO popu lation were assisted in 1855, seven in 1889. See CnAnury OnGANIzArnix So•tE•v: PAUPERISM.